Social particuliarities of Kunhegyesi District

Abstract

The Kunhegyesi District is the most disadvantaged district in the Northern Great Plain Region. The aim of this study is to understand the population processes, which serves as a basis for a social comparative analysis of the District’s settlements in the future. Population in the District has been steadily decreasing since 2011 besides lower income levels, poorer health indicators and a higher proportion of premature mortality. Two out of three children are disadvantaged, while the vast majority of young people drops out of secondary school without any qualification. The higher-than-average proportion of Roma population alone does not explain worsening economic output, we are convinced that economic performance has nothing to do with ethnic origin. Reasons are rather to be found in the deterioration of social mobility of the past two decades. Similarly to areas with a higher proportion of Roma population, the District also undergoes an exodus of non-Roma besides a higher fertility rate and earlier desire for child-bearing of the Roma, resulting in ghettoization, thereby further diminishing chances of social mobility. Thanks to social inclusion and recovery programs, as well as the commitment of local Roma stakeholders, promising changes are coming true with an increase in qualification and employment levels and a decrease in the number of disadvantaged children, we wonder whether development is sustainable in the long run, and also, whether the District has a potential to independently self-sustain social development. We’re hopeful to find more answers in further researches.