A cink-oxid (ZnO) adagolás kiváltásának lehetőségei választott malacoknál
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17205/SZIE.AWETH.2021.1.001Kulcsszavak:
sertés, választott malac, ZnO, cink-oxid kiváltás, sertéstakarmányozásAbsztrakt
A választásakor kialakuló stresszhelyzet jelentős hasmenést idézhet elő malacokban, mely igen nagy gazdasági veszteséggel járhat. A probléma kezelésére szokták használni takarmányba keverve a cink-oxidot, melynek azonban feltárhatósága igen nehéz, ezért jóval többet kell adagolni az állatok számára ahhoz, hogy hatékony mennyiségű cinkhez jussanak. Ennek azonban környezetkárosító hatása van.
Hosszú ideje a nagy dózisú ZnO használata volt az egyik módja a hasmenés okozta problémák kezelésének választott malacoknál. Annak ellenére, hogy a ZnO túlzott felhasználása jelentős környezetterhelést jelent, ezért a Committee for Medicinal Products for Veterinary Use (CVMP) által felterjesztett 2001/82/EC irányelv (EMEA/V/A/118) 35. cikkelye szerint az Európai Bizottság 2022-re elrendelte a ZnO gyógyászati célú használatának malactakarmányozásban történő alkalmazására vonatkozó uniós szintű tilalmát. A fennálló probléma megoldásaként ma már több kutatást folytattak a ZnO kiváltását illetően. Az antimikrobiális szerek korlátozott felhasználásával, vagy betiltásával egyetemben új megoldásokat kell találni a választott malacok egészségi állapotának javítására, védelmére, valamint a teljesítményük fenntartására. Az utóbbi időben az állattenyésztést elárasztották az alternatív termelést fokozó termékek, melyeknek hasonló hatásaik vannak a gyógyszerkészítményekhez (Kamel, 2000). Az illóolajok, szerves savak, enzimek, probiotikumok (lactobacillusok), prebiotikumok (oligoszacharidok) és a gyógynövények mind felhasználhatók takarmány-adalékanyagként a malacok választási teljesítményének növelésére.
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