Winter-hardy palm lilies and opportunities of their employment in Hungary
Keywords:
yucca, palm lily, plant applicationAbstract
The Yucca species are the plants of tropical, subtropical, arid mountain and desertic regions. The genus does only grow naturally in the new world spreading neotropic, the centre of their diversity is Central America. The name „Palm Lily” has got wherefore they rosette resembles the palms and they flowers are lily white. Yucca is a woody perennial shrubs and trees with stem or without stem. It is a terrestrial plant (very rarely epiphytic: Y. lacandonica). Secondary expansion appears in its stem, the system of bundles solidified by forceful bundles. Its species are notable for their rosettes of evergreen, with succulent, dorsiventral sword-shaped leaves with terminál spines often present. Yucca is easily recognisable by the typical filiferous leaf margin, which is otherwise only found in Hesperaloe and a couple of Agave species. The mostly withish wax-like pendent flowers in usually compact inflo- rescens are another diagnostic features of the genus. The perianth is connate, in most species any union of the perianth segments is at the base, with the top part of the segment free. The stamens are attached at the base of the tepals or the tepal tube inner side (Borhidi, 1995; Irish, 2000). The yucca’s ovary is superior and the inferior ovary of agaves shows the two different evolution line in the family in Podani’s opinion (2003). They exhibit a high water-use efficiency connected with the common occurrence of the water-conserving Crassulacean Acid Metabolism like CAM-mode of photosynthesis (Nobel, 1988). The genus is well-known from chemotaxonomical aspects, contains high concentrate of saponin and sapogenin (Gentry, 1982). Yuccas were used in popular therapy as a shampoo (Wall et al., 1961). Yucca’s leaves are to use fór several products and different young parts of the plánt have been an important food source. The Hungarian planting design of the Palm Lily does back high in the past.
For example, Yucca gloriosa, as “Jucca indica or Jucca gloriosa like glorious, vainglorious rush was in evidence in the flower register of Posoni Garden. Rapaics wrote in his book (1932) “Magyarság Virágai” that Yucca gloriosa and Campsis radicans (which could use fór creeper aside the walls and trellis) had current among many American flowers had known by Lippay.
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