A WTO vége? Mega-regionális/plurilaterális szabadkereskedelmi tárgyalások a multilaterális kereskedelmi szabályozás perspektívái

Szerzők

  • György Csáki

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18531/Studia.Mundi.2015.02.02.18-35

Kulcsszavak:

international trade, free trade agreements, WTO

Absztrakt

A II. világháború óta a világkereskedelem folyamatosan és igen dinamikusan bővül – különösen igaz ez az 1980-as évek óta eltelt időszakra. Sokan mondják azt is, hogy a világkereskedelem soha nem volt olyan szabad, mint manapság, s tény, hogy ma már 161 ország vesz részt a WTO égisze alatt folyó sokoldalú kereskedelempolitikai tárgyalásokon. Ennek ellenére, a WTO elmúlt két évtizedes története egyáltalán nem sikertörténet – a WTO egyetlen kereskedelmi fordulót sem zárt le sikeresen: a Millenniumi Forduló 1999-ben el sem indult, a 2001-ben elindított Doha Fordulót pedig 2006-ban hivatalosan felfüggesztették. Ilyen körülmények között nem meglepő, hogy az elmúlt években sorra indulnak a mega-regionális/plurilaterális kereskedelmi tárgyalások – s a legjelentősebb, a Transzatlanti Kereskedelmi és Befektetési Partnerség nevű, az USA és az EU közötti tárgyalások megindítása nagyban közrejátszott a WTO 9. Miniszteri értekezletének (Bali, 2013. december) viszonylag sikeres lezárásához. Most az a nagy kérdés, melyik mega-regionális zárul le sikeresen, illetve milyen sorrendben zárulnak le, s ez nem jelenti-e a WTO végét, nem szorítja-e vissza a WTO egy nemzetközi kereskedelmi vitarendezési fórummá?

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2015-11-02

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