Effect of feed restriction on fatty acid profile, body composi-tion and selected blood parameters of intensive reared pike  (Esox lucius)

Balázs Kucska; András Szabó; Chris Blake; Csaba Hancz; Dániel Varga

doi:10.31914/aak.2505

Szerzők

Kucska Balázs MATE Kaposvári Campus
Szabó András MATE Kaposvári Campus
Blake Chris University of Waikato
Hancz Csaba MATE Kaposvári Campus
Varga Dániel Kaposvári Egyetem

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31914/aak.2505

Kulcsszavak:

starvation, Esox lucius, fatty acids, PUFA, fillet

Absztrakt

This study investigated the effects of a six-week starvation period on the fatty acid profile, body composition and blood parameters of intensively reared pike (Esox lucius). 150 pike were stocked in an experimental recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) and feed was completely withdrawn. Body composition, fatty acid composition and blood parameters (serum protein, albumin, triacylglycerol, cholesterol concentration and Lactate dehidrigenase and alkaline phosphatase activity) were measured and somatic indices were calculated. A significant decline in bodyweight, crude fat content and somatic indices was accompanied by a significant decrease of blood triacylglycerol content. The relative proportion of saturated fatty acids in the fillet decreased, while polyunsaturated fatty acids increased. There was also a significant increase in the average chain length and unsaturation index of fatty acids found in the fillet flesh.

Hivatkozások

Barreto-Curiel, F., Focken, U., D'Abramo, L.R., Viana, M.T. (2017). Metabolism of Seriola lalandi during Starvation as Revealed by Fatty Acid Analysis and Compound-Specific Analysis of Stable Isotopes within Amino Acids. Plos One. 12(1) e0170124. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170124

Cherel, Y., Robi,n J.P., Heitz, A., Calgari, C., LeMaho, Y. (1992). Relationships between lipid availability and protein utilization during prolonged fasting. J Comp Phys 162, 305-313. DOI: 10.1007/BF00260757

Chen. Z.Y., Cunnane, S.C. (1992). Preferential retention of linoleic acid-enriched triacylglycerols in liver and serum during fasting. Am J Phys 263, 233-239. DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.1992.263.2.R233

Christie, W.W. (1982). A simple procedure for rapid transmethylation of glycerolipids and choles-tery-lesters. J Lipid Res 23, 1072-1075. DOI: 10.1016/S0022-2275(20)38081-0

Cunnane, S.C. (1990). Differential utilization of long chain fatty acids during fasting-induced triacyl-glycerol depletion. III. Comparison of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids in rat plasma and liver. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 1036, 64-70. DOI: 10.1016/0304-4165(90)90214-H

Cunnane, S.C., Karmazyn, M. (1988). Differential utilization of long chain fatty acids during triacyl-glycerol depletion. I. Rat heart after ischemic perfusion. Lipids 23, 62-64. DOI: 10.1007/BF02535306

Diana, J.S. (1982). An experimental analysis of the metabolic rate and food utilization of northern pike. Comp Biochem Phys, 71, 395-9. DOI: 10.1016/0300-9629(82)90424-8

Delgado, A., Estevez, A., Hortelando, P., Alejandre, M.J. (1994). Analyses of fatty acids from different lipids in liver and muscle of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Influence of temperature and fast-ing. C Biochem Phys, 108, 673-680. DOI: 10.1016/0300-9629(94)90354-9

De Silva, S.S., Gunasekera, R.M., Austin, C.M. (1997). Changes in the fatty acid profiles of hybrid red tila-pia, Oreochromis mossambicus x O. niloticus, subjected to short term starvation, and a com-parison with changes in seawater raised fish. Aquaculture 153. 273-290. DOI: 10.1016/S0044-8486(97)00035-5

Einen, O., Waagan, B., Thomassen, M.S. (1998). Starvation prior to slaughter in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) I. Effects on weight loss, body shape, slaughter-and fillet yield, proximate and fatty acid com-position. Aquaculture 166. 85-104. DOI: 10.1016/S0044-8486(98)00279-8

Enes, P., Panserat, S., Kaushik, S., Oliva-Teles, A. (2009). Nutritional regulation of hepatic glucose meta-bolism in fish. Fish Physiol Biochem 35. 519-539. DOI: 10.1007/s10695-008-9259-5

Falahatkar, B. (2012). The metabolic effects of feeding and fasting in beluga Huso huso. Marine Env Res 82. 69-75. DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2012.09.003

Feng, G., Shi, X., Huang, X., Zhuang, P. (2011). Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defenses after Long-term Fasting in Blood of Chinese Sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis). Pro Env Sci 8. 469-475. DOI: 10.1016/j.proenv.2011.10.074

Friedrich, M., Stepanowska, K. (2001). Effect of starvation on the nutritive value of carp (Cyprinus car-pio L.) and selected biochemical components of its blood. Acta Icht Pisc 31. 29-36. DOI: 10.3750/AIP2001.31.2.03

Folch, J., Lees, M., Sloane-Stanley, G.H. (1957). A simple method of the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues. J Biol Chem 226. 497-509. DOI: 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)64849-5

Hung, S.S.O., Liu, W., Li, H., Storebakken, T., Cui, Y. (1997). Effect of starvation on some morphological and biochemical parameters in white sturgeon, Acipenser transmontanus. Aquaculture 151. 357-363. DOI: 10.1016/S0044-8486(96)01506-2

ISO, 1978. Animal Feeding Stuffs. Determination of Crude Ash.

ISO 5984. International Organization for Standardization

ISO, 1985. Animal Feeding Stuffs. Determination of Fat Content.

ISO 6492. International Organization for Standardization

ISO, 1997. Animal Feeding Stuffs. Determination of Nitrogen Content and Calculation of Crude Pro-tein Content -Kjeldahl Method.

ISO 5983. International Organization for Standardization

Ince, B.W., Thorpe, A., (1976). The effects of starvation and force-feeding on the metabolism of the nort-hern pike, Esox lucius L. J Fish Biol 8. 79-88. DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.1976.tb03909.x

Khodadoust, A.L. (2015). Study on some blood biochemical parameters of pike(Esox lucius Linnaeus, 1758) in Anzali wetland. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research, 23. 155-159.

Kluytmans, J.H.F.M., Zandee, D.I. (1973). Lipid metabolism in the northern pike (Esox lucius) -II: The composition of the total lipids and of the fatty acids isolated from lipid classes and some tissues of the northern pike. Comp Biochem Phys 44. 459-466. DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(73)90019-9

Kucska, B., Müller, T., Sári, J., Bódis, M., Bercsényi, M. (2005). Successful growth of pike (Esox lucius) on pellet at artificial condition. Aquaculture 246. 227-230. DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2005.01.013

Kucska, B., Pál, L., Müller, T., Bódis, M., Bartos, Á., Wágner, L., Husvéth, F., Bercsényi, M. (2006). Changing of fat content and fatty acid profile of reared pike (Esox lucius) fed two different diets. Aqua Res, 37: 96-101. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2109.2005.01402.x

Shimeno, S., Kheyyali, D., Takeda, M. (1990). Metabolic adaptation to prolonged starvation in carp. Nip-pon Suisan Gakkaishi, 56. 35-41. DOI: 10.2331/suisan.56.35

Pilkis, S.J., Granner, D.K. (1992). Molecular physiology of the regulation of hepatic gluconeogenesis and glycolysis. Ann Rev Physiol. 54. 885-909. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.ph.54.030192.004321

Raclot, T. (2003). Selective mobilization of fatty acids from adipose tissue triacylglycerols. Prog Lipid Res 42. 257-88. DOI: 10.1016/S0163-7827(02)00066-8

Rossi, A., Cazenave, J., Bacchetta, C., Campana, M., Parma, M.J. (2015). Physiological and metabolic ad-justments of Hoplosternum littorale (Teleostei, Callichthyidae) during starvation. Ecol Indic 56. 161-170. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.04.001

Salam, A., Davies, P.M.C. (1994). Body composition of northern pike (Esox lucius L.) in relation to body size and condition factor. Fish Res 19. 193-204. DOI: 10.1016/0165-7836(94)90038-8

Szabó, A., Fébel, H., Mézes, M., Horn, P., Balogh, K., Romvári, R. (2005). Differential utilization of hepat-ic and myocardial fatty acids during forced molt of laying hens. Poultry Science, 84. 106-112. DOI: 10.1093/ps/84.1.106

Szczepkowski, M. (2009). Impact of selected abiotic and biotic factors on the result of rearing juve-nile stages of Northern pike (Esox lucius L.) in recirculating systems. Archives of Polish Fisher-ies 17. 107-147. DOI: 10.2478/v10086-009-0010-3

Szczepkowski, M., Zakes, Z., Kapusta, A., Sczcepkowska, B., Hopko, M., Jarmolowicz, S., Kowalska, A., Kozlowski, M., Partyka, K., Piotrowska, I., Wunderlich, K. (2012). Growth and survival in earthen ponds of different size juvenile pike reared in recirculating aquaculture systems. Archives of Polish Fisheries, 20, 267-274. DOI: 10.2478/v10086-012-0030-2

Varga. D., Hancz, Cs., Szabó , A. (2020). Selective mobilization of fatty acids in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) during long-term starvation. AACL Bioflux. 13. 1366-1373.

Varga, D., Molnár, T., Romvári, R., Szabó, A. (2014). Preliminary results on the somatic and body com-positional changes in juvenile common carp during long term starvation. Acta Agraria Kaposvarienis. 18: 50-54.

Varga, D., Hancz, Cs., Molnár, T., Szabó, A. (2016). Alterations in serum metabolites and enzymes of juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) during longterm starvation. Acta Agraria Kaposvari-enis. 20. 36-39.

Wolnicky, J., Gorny, W. (1997). Effects of commercial dry diets and water temperature on growth sur-vival of Northern pike Esox lucius L., larvae. Polish Archives of Hydrobiology 44. 377-383.

Zajic, T., Mraz, J., Sampels, S., Pickova, J. (2013). Fillet quality changes as a result of purging of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) with special regard to weight loss and lipid profile. Aquaculture. 400-401. 111-119. DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2013.03.004