The Design and Location Characteristics of Wildlife Overpasses in Hungary
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56617/tl.3608Schlagwörter:
habitat fragmentation, large ungulates, noise screening, traffic, isolation effectAbstract
Hungary's motorway network has developed significantly over the past twenty years. These developments have increased the length of fenced roads, which also means increased habitat fragmentation effects. Wildlife crossings have been built on new sections to reduce isolation caused by roads. This study examined 57 wildlife overpasses using satellite imagery. We determined the internal and overall widths of the crossings, their total length and the length of the noise barriers, as well as the width-to-length ratio. The crossings were classified according to ramp design, noise barrier material and noise barrier run-down. In addition, a surface cover map was used to examine landscape features within 500 m of the crossings and evaluate the crossings' placement. Our results show that the average width of the overpass corridor was 14.4 m. The width-to-length ratio was 0.16. Based on this, we concluded that the wildlife crossings in Hungary could be classified as narrow crossings. There was also considerable variation in design characteristics, with the crossings studied not being uniform in either ramp design or noise barrier characteristics. The results of the placement's landscape characterisation indicate that many overpasses in agricultural areas are particularly favourable for roe deer (Capreolus capreolus).
Literaturhinweise
Andrews, A. 1990: Fragmentation of Habitat by Roads and Utility Corridors: A Review. Australian Zoologist, 26(3-4):130–141. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7882/AZ.1990.005
Ballók, Zs., Náhlik, A., Tari, T. 2010: Effects of building a highway and wildlife crossings in a red deer (Cervus elaphus) habitat in Hungary, Acta Silvatica Lignaria Hungarica, 6: 67–74
Bennett, V.J. 2017: Effects of Road Density and Pattern on the Conservation of Species and Biodiversity. Current Landscape Ecology Reports 2:1–11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40823-017-0020-6
Bissonette, J. A. 2007: Evaluation of the use and effectiveness of wildlife crossings. National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) 25-27. Final report. Trans. Research Board, Washington DC.
Brennan, L., Chow, E., Lamb, C. 2022: Wildlife overpass structure size, distribution, effectiveness, and adherence to expert design recommendations. PeerJ. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14371
Clevenger, A.P., Waltho, N. 2003: Long-term, year-round monitoring of wildlife crossing structures and the importance of temporal and spatial variability in performance studies, Proceedings of the International Conference on Ecology and Transportation, 293–302.
Clevenger, A.P., Waltho, N. 2005: Performance indices to identify attributes of highway crossing structures facilitating movement of large mammals. Biological Conservation, 121(3): 453–464. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2004.04.025
Clevenger, A. P., Huijser, M. P. 2011: Wildlife crossing structure handbook design and evaluation in North America. Western Transportation Institute. Final Report FHWA-CFL/TD-11-003; p. 224.
Clevenger, A. P., Chruszcz, B., Gunson, K. E. 2001: Highway mitigation fencing reduces wildlife-vehicle collisions. Wildlife Society Bulletin, 29: 646–653.
Csányi S. Márton M., Bőti Sz., Schally G. 2022: Vadgazdálkodási Adattár - 2021/2022. vadászati év. Országos Vadgazdálkodási Adattár, Gödöllő, p. 70.
Dodd, C. K., Barichivich, W. J., Smith, L.L. 2004: Effectiveness of a barrier wall and culverts in reducing wildlife mortality on a heavily traveled highway in Florida. Biological Conservation, 118: 619–631. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2003.10.011
Fahrig, L., Rytwinski, T. 2009: Effects of Roads on Animal Abundance: an Empirical Review and Synthesis. Ecology and Society, 14(1): 21
Forman, R. T. T., Alexander L.E. 1998: Roads and their major ecological effects. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 29(1): 207–231. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.29.1.207
Forman, R. T. T., Deblinger, R.D. 2000: The Ecological Road-Effect Zone of a Massachusetts (U.S.A.) Suburban Highway. Conservation Biology, 14: 36–46.
Hammer, Ø., Harper, D. A. T., Ryan, P. D. 2001: PAST: Paleontological statistics software package for education and data analysis. Palaeontol Electron, 4(1): 9.
Harrington, S., Teitelman, J., Rummel, E., Morse, B., Chen, P., Eisentraut, D., McDonough, D. 2017: Validating google earth pro as a scientific utility for use in accident reconstruction. SAE International Journal of Transportation Safety, 5(2): 135–166. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4271/2017-01-9750
Heffenträger G., Sándor Gy., Tari T., Náhlik A. 2014: Dámszarvas (Dama dama) mezei- és erdei élőhely-preferenciájának vizsgálata, In: Bidló A. Horváth A. Szűcs P. (szerk.): IV. Kari Tudományos Konferencia: Konferencia kiadvány, Sopron, pp. 255–260.
Hughes, W. E., Saremi, A. R., Paniati, J. F. 1996: Vehicle-animal crashes: an increasing safety problem. Institute of Transportation Engineers Journal, 66: 24–28.
Iuell, B., Bekker, H., Cuperus, R., Dufek, J., Fry, G., Hicks, C., Hlavac, V., Keller, V., Rosell, C., Sangwine, T., Torslov, N., Wandall, B. M. 2003: COST 341 habitat fragmentation due to transportation infrastructure. Wildlife and traffic: a European handbook for identifying conflicts and designing solutions. Brussels: European Cooperation in the Field of Scientific and Technical Research, p. 172.
Keller, I., Largiad`er, C. R. 2003: Recent habitat fragmentation caused by major roads leads to reduction of gene flow and loss of genetic variability in ground beetles. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B, 270: 417–423. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2002.2247
Kusak, J., Huber, D., Gomerčić, T., Schwaderer, G., Gužvica, G. 2009: The permeability of highway in Gorski kotar (Croatia) for large mammals. European Journal of Wildlife Research, 55(1): 7–21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10344-008-0208-5
McGuire, T., Morrall, J. 2000: Strategic highway improvements to minimize environmental impacts within the Canadian Rocky Mountain National Parks. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, 27(3): 523–532. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/l99-096
Meijer, J. R., Huijbregts, M. A., Schotten, K. C. G. J., Schipper, A. M. 2018: Global patterns of current and future road infrastructure, Environmental Research Letters, 13(6): 064006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aabd42
Nagy, E., Benedek, I., Zsolnai, A., Halász, T., Csivincsik, Á., Ács, V., Nagy, G., Tari, T. 2021: Habitat Characteristics as Potential Drivers of the Angiostrongylus daskalovi Infection in European Badger (Meles meles) Populations. Pathogens, 10(6): 715. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10060715
Náhlik, A., Farkas, A., Tari, T. 2022: First hungarian GPS telemetry results on mouflon home-range evaulation and habitat use. Abstracts of the 8th World Conference on Mountain Ungulates, p. 65.
Náhlik, A., Sándor, Gy., Tari, T., Király, G. 2009: Space use and activity patterns of red deer in a highly forested and in a patchy forest-agricultural habitat. Acta Silvatica Lignaria Hungarica, 5: 109–118.
Ng, S. J., Dole, J. W., Sauvajot, R. M., Riley, S. P. D., Valone, T.J. 2004: Use of highway undercrossings by wildlife in southern California. Biological Conservation, 115: 499–507. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3207(03)00166-6
Percoco, M. 2016: Highways, local economic structure and urban development. Journal of Economic Geography, 16(5): 1035–1054. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jeg/lbv031
QGIS Development Team. 2023: QGIS Geographic Information System. Open Source Geospatial Foundation Project.
Reed, R. A., Johnson-Barnard, J., Baker, W. L. 1996: Contribution of roads to forest fragmentation in the rocky mountains. Conservation Biology, 10: 1098–1106. DOI: https://www.jstor.org/stable/2387146
Schmidt, G. M., Lewison, R.L., Swarts, H. M. 2021: Pairing long-term population monitoring and wild-life crossing structure interaction data to evaluate road mitigation effectiveness. Biological Conservation, 257: 109085 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2021.109085
Seabrook, W., Dettmann, E. B. 1996: Roads as activity corridors for cane toads in Australia. Journal of Wildlife Management, 60: 363–368. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3802236
Serieys, L. E. K., Lea, A., Pollinger, J. P., Riley, S. P. D., Wayne, R. K. 2015: Disease and freeways drive genetic change in urban bobcat populations. Evolutionary Applications, 8: 75–92. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12226
Sołowczuk, A. 2020: Effect of Landscape Elements and Structures on the Acoustic Environment on Wildlife Overpasses Located in Rural Areas. Sustainability, 12(19): 7866 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su12197866
Tari T., Reinhoffer I. 2023: Közúti műtárgyak szerepe az autópályák átjárhatóságában szőrmés ragadozófajok esetében. Magyar Apróvad Közlemények, 15: 1–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17243/mavk.2023.001
Tari T., Sándor Gy., Heffentrager G., Pócza G., Náhlik A. 2014: A vaddisznó területhasználata és aktivitása egy síkvidéki élőhelyen In: Lipák, L. (szerk.): Alföldi Erdőkért Egyesület Kutatói Nap XXII: Tudományos eredmények a gyakorlatban, p. 29–36.
Tóth B., Bleier N., Schally G., Lehoczki R., Csányi S. 2014: Otthonterület-becslési módszerek összehasonlítása az őz (Capreolus capreolus) területhasználatának elemzésében. Vadbiológia, 16: 51–62.
van der Ree, R., van der Grift, E. A. 2015: Recreational co-use of wildlife crossing structures. In: van der Ree, R., Smith, D.J., Grilo, C. (Eds.): Handbook of Road Ecology. John Wiley & Sons, Oxford, p. 184–189.
Ważna, A, Kaźmierczak, A, Cichocki, J, Bojarski, J, Gabryś G 2020: Use of underpasses by animals on a fenced expressway in a suburban area in western Poland. Nature Conservation, 39: 1–18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.39.33967
Downloads
Veröffentlicht
Ausgabe
Rubrik
Lizenz
Copyright (c) 2023 Tari Tamás, Takács Attila
Dieses Werk steht unter der Lizenz Creative Commons Namensnennung - Nicht-kommerziell - Keine Bearbeitungen 4.0 International.
A folyóirat Open Access (Gold). Cikkeire a Creative Commons 4.0 standard licenc alábbi típusa vonatkozik: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0. Ennek értelmében a mű szabadon másolható, terjeszthető, bemutatható és előadható, azonban nem használható fel kereskedelmi célokra (NC), továbbá nem módosítható és nem készíthető belőle átdolgozás, származékos mű (ND). A licenc alapján a szerző vagy a jogosult által meghatározott módon fel kell tüntetni a szerző nevét és a szerzői mű címét (BY).
