A comparative study of film and series tourism locations in European destinations

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18531/sme.vol.12.no.1.pp.5-21

Keywords:

film tourism, movie tourism, shooting location, film location, tourism destination, overtourism

Abstract

In the wake of the restrictions imposed by the coronavirus outbreak, the issue of overtourism has once again come to the fore. The study focuses on destinations that have experienced a notable increase in visitor numbers following the popularity of a film or series filmed there. A case study of three European film and series tourism destinations is presented in order to identify the indications of overtourism. The inhabitants of Dubrovnik, Hallstatt and the two islands of the Sporades (Skopelos and Skiathos) are confronted with a range of challenges associated with the presence of tourists, including congestion, overloaded infrastructure, rising food and property prices, and high environmental pressures. A number of measures have been identified which could assist the municipalities. These include the promotion of public transport as an alternative to private vehicles, with the aim of reducing the environmental impact; the regulation of the mooring of cruise ships and other strategies for managing visitor numbers; and the introduction of online ticketing and advance booking, which could bring significant benefits for visitors and destination management. In order to mitigate the adverse effects of a sudden surge in popularity, destinations that have become well-known due to their cinematic or televisual associations must implement a well-considered tourism strategy. This should entail optimising the number of tourists in the area through a conscious development of attractions.

Author Biographies

  • Szőllős-Tóth Andrea, Debreceni Egyetem, Ihrig Károly Gazdálkodás- és Szervezéstudományok Doktori Iskola, University of Debrecen, Doctoral School of Management and Business

    PhD student
    toth.andrea@econ.unideb.hu

  • Zoltán Zoltán, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Institute of Rural Development and Sustainable Economy , Magyar Agrár- és Élettudományi Egyetem Vidékfejlesztés és Fenntartható Gazdaság Intézet

    PhD, habil., professor
    bujdoso.zoltan@uni-mate.hu

  • Tünde Csapóné Riskó, University of Debrecen, Faculty of Economics and Business, Institute of World Economy and International Relations, Debreceni Egyetem, Gazdaságtudományi Kar, Világgazdasági és Nemzetközi Kapcsolatok Intézet

    PhD, associate professor 
    risko.tunde@econ.unideb.hu

References

Abbasian, S. – Onn, G. – Arnautovic, D. (2020): Overtourism in Dubrovnik in the eyes of local tourism employees: A qualitative study, Cogent Social Sciences, 6(1), 1775944. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2020.1775944

Amore, A. – Falk, M. – Adie, B. A. (2020): One visitor too many: Assessing the degree of over-tourism in established European urban destinations. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 6(1), 117–137. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10124384

Beeton, S. (2005): Film-induced Tourism. Multilingual Matters. In the series: Aspects of Tourism. https://doi.org/10.21832/9781845410162

Bfhallstatt – Archiv (2017): Bürger für Hallstatt. Archiv Aktuelles. https://www.bfhallstatt.at/archiv/archiv-aktuelles/

Bfhallstatt – Auto (2024): PKW-tourismus Zahlen & Fakten. Bürger für Hallstatt. https://www.bfhallstatt.at/themen/pkw-tourismus-in-hallstatt/pkw-tourismus-hallstatt-zahlen-fakten/

Bfhallstatt – Bus (2024): Bustourismus Zahlen & Fakten. Bürger für Hallstatt. https://www.bfhallstatt.at/themen/bustourismus-in-hallstatt/bustourismus-hallstatt-zahlen-fakten/

Bfhallstatt – Tourismus (2024): Lebt Hallstatt vom Tourismus? Bürger für Hallstatt . https://www.bfhallstatt.at/themen/tourismus-hallstatt/

Butler, R. W. (2020). Overtourism in rural areas. Overtourism: Causes, implications and soluti-ons. In: Séraphin, H. – Gladkikh, T. – Vo Thanh, T. (eds) Overtourism. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham., 27–43. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42458-9_3

Cardoso, L. – Estêvão, C. – Fernandes, C. – Alves, H. (2017): Film-induced tourism: a syste-matic literature review. Tourism & Management Studies, 13(3), 23–30. https://doi.org/10.18089/tms.2017.13303

CBS (2024): Croatian Bureau of Statistics. Table 1.9. Tourism Intensity in towns and municipa-lities.

CNTB (2023): Croatian National Tourist Board. Number of overnight tourist arrivals in Dub-rovnik, Croatia from 2012 to 2022 (in 1,000s). Statista. Statista Inc. https://www.statista.com/statistics/886613/dubrovnik-tourist-arrivals/

Contu, G. – Pau, S. (2022): The impact of TV series on tourism performance: the case of Game of Thrones. Empirical Economics, 63(6), 3313–3341. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00181-022-02228-2

Croy, W. G. (2010): Planning for film tourism: Active destination image management. Tourism and Hospitality Planning & Development, 7(1), 21–30. https://doi.org/10.1080/14790530903522598

Csapó, J. – Matesz, K. (2007): A kulturális turizmus jelentősége és szerepe napjaink idegenfor-galmában. Földrajzi Értesítő, 56(3–4), 291–301.

Di Cesare, F. – La Salandra, A. A. – Craparotta, E. (2012): Films and Audiovisual Potentiality in Tourism Destination Promotion: A European Perspective. Tourism Review International; Putnam Valley Köt. 16, Kiad. 2.: 101–111. https://doi.org/10.3727/154427212X13485031583867

Dodds, R., – Butler, R. (2019): The phenomena of overtourism: A review. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 5(4), 519–528. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJTC-06-2019-0090

Fryer, J. (2009): Mamma Mia! How the feelgood movie of 2008 has ruined the Greek paradise island of Skopelos. MailOnline. https://www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article-1203536/Mamma-Mia-How-feelgood-movie-2008-ruined-Greek-paradise-island-Skopelos.html

Holidu (2022): Cities with highest number of tourists per inhabitant in Europe in 2019. Statista. Statista Inc. https://www.statista.com/statistics/778687/overtourism-worst-european-cities/

Horlacher, P. (2024): Tourists Go Home: Stakeholder Attitudes in the Face of Overtourism The case of Dubrovnik, Croatia. In ISCONTOUR 2024 Tourism Research Perspectives: Pro-ceedings of the International Student Conference in Tourism Research (p. 276). BoD–Books on Demand.

Hospers, G. J. (2019): Overtourism in European cities: From challenges to coping strategies. CESifo Forum, 20(3), 20–24. München: ifo Institut–Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung an der Universität München.

Husz, A. – Tolnai, E. (2022): A színház és a turizmus szinergiája – új lehetőség a kulturális turizmusban. Turizmus Bulletin, 22(4), 36–45. https://doi.org/10.14267/TURBULL.2022v22n4.4

Irimiás, A. (2009): Az olasz filmek hatása a turisztikai desztináció kiválasztására: a kulturális turizmus új aspektusai/Influenza dei film italiani sulla scelta della destinazione turistica: nuovi aspetti nel turismo culturale. Turizmus Bulletin, 13(2), 32–38.

Irimiás, A. (2012): Missing identity: relocation of Budapest in film-induced tourism. Tourism Review International, 16(2), 125–138. https://doi.org/10.3727/154427212X13485031583902

Irimiás, A. (2015): Filmturizmus. Akadémiai Kiadó. ISBN 978 963 05 9621 3

Irimiás, A. – Mitev, A. Z., – Michalkó, G. (2021). Narrative transportation and travel: The me-diating role of escapism and immersion. Tourism Management Perspectives, 38, 100793. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2021.100793

Iva (2022): Chinese Hallstatt – a perfect replica. Hallstatt – Austria. https://www.hallstattaustria.eu/chinese-hallstatt-a-perfect-replica

Jászberényi, M. – Ásványi, K. (2019): Turisztikai élménymegosztás budapesti múzeumok példá-ján keresztül= Sharing Tourist Experience Through the Example of Museums in Budapest. Studia Mundi – Economica, 6(1), 34–43. https://doi.org/10.18531/Studia.Mundi.2019.06.01.34-43

Jurič, B., Maloča, I., & Bodulić, R. (2015): Croatian image analysis through film industry as a macromarketing tool. Responsibility and Sustainability, Socioeconomic, political and legal issues (ISSN: 2340-5813) 3(1), 34-42.

Káposzta, J. – Nagy, H., – Papp, I. C. (2017): A zöld turizmus fejlesztési kérdései Magyarorszá-gon. Studia Mundi – Economica, 4(3), 45–56. https://doi.org/10.18531/Studia.Mundi.2017.04.03.45-56

Kessel, I. (2017): Is Game Of Thrones Fueling Dubrovnik's Tourism? Statista. https://www.statista.com/chart/10308/tourists-flock-to-dubrovnik/

Kiss, R. R. (2020): A film hatása a kulturális turizmusra. In: Jászberényi, M. (szerk.): A kulturá-lis turizmus sokszínűsége. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó. https://doi.org/10.1556/9789634545224

Koens, K. – Postma, A., – Papp, B. (2018): Is overtourism overused? Understanding the impact of tourism in a city context. Sustainability, 10(12), 4384. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10124384

Koh, E. – Fakfare, P. (2020): Overcoming “over-tourism”: the closure of Maya Bay. Emerald Publishing Limited. ISSN 2056-5607. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 6(2), 279–296. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJTC-02-2019-0023.

Lindberg, F., – Seeler, S. (2021): Demarketing strategy as a tool to mitigate overtourism – An illusion? In A. Sharma – A. Hassan (eds.): Overtourism as destination risk. Emerald Publishing Limited, 129–149 https://doi.org/10.1108/9781839097065

López, A. A. (2022): Venice Without Cruise Ships: Hard Facts or Fake News?. Shima, 16(1), 256–264. https://doi.org/10.21463/shima.151

Lőrincz, K. – Raffay, Á. (2019): „Beyond, azaz túllépni saját magunkon”–a turizmus szerepe a Veszprém 2023 Európai Kulturális Főváros projektben. Turisztikai és Vidékfejlesztési tanulmá-nyok, 4(2), 18–38. https://doi.org/10.33538/TVT.190402.2

Macionis, N. (2004): Understanding the Film-Induced Tourist. In Frost, Warwick, Croy, Glen and Beeton, Sue (editors). International Tourism and Media Conference Proceedings. 24th–26th November 2004. Melbourne: Tourism Research Unit, Monash University, 86–97.

Marsden, P. H. (2021): Location. Location. Location: From over-to undertourism in less than a year. Werner Kreisel – Peter H. Marsden – Tobias Reeh (Hg./Eds.) Die Landschaft interpretie-ren: Interdisziplinäre Ansätze Interpreting Landscape: Interdisciplinary approaches, 301.

Mayer, P. (2011): Esettanulmány készítés módszertana. In: Kóródi M. (szerk.): Turizmus kutatá-sok módszertana. Pécsi Tudományegyetem. ISBN: 978-963-642-431-2

MedCruise (2024): Number of cruise passengers in Dubrovnik and Korcula, Croatia from 2009 to 2023 (in 1,000s) [Graph]. In Statista. https://www.statista.com/statistics/888969/dubrovnik-call-cruise-passenger-numbers/

Michalkó, G. – Irimiás, A. (2013): Vágyni, látni és kiábrándulni: avagy hogyan válhat a film az utazások csalódást generáló forrásává. Turizmus bulletin, 15(2), 43–50.

Pathak, A. K. (2024): Prospective Tourism Boom and the Peril of Overtourism: What Lakshadweep Can Learn from Maya Bay. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202401.1341.v2

Pavlić, I. (2013): Cruise tourism demand forecasting-the case of Dubrovnik. Tourism and hospita-lity management, 19(1), 125–142. https://doi.org/10.20867/thm.19.1.9

Péter, E. – Németh, K., – Lelkóné Tollár, I. (2018): Turizmusbiztonság, mint újonnan felmerü-lő fogyasztói igény. Turizmus Bulletin, 18(2), 30–37. https://doi.org/10.14267/TURBULL.2018v18n2.4

Pinke-Sziva, I. – Smith, M. – Olt, G. – Berezvai, Z. (2019): Overtourism and the night-time economy: A case study of Budapest. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 5(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJTC-04-2018-0028

Polyzogopoulou, A. (2023): Film-Induced Tourism: The Case of Game of Thrones and Dub-rovnik. Arcadia. https://www.byarcadia.org/post/film-induced-tourism-the-case-of-game-of-thrones-and-dubrovnik

Priya, A. (2021): Case Study Methodology of Qualitative Research: Key Attributes and Navi-gating the Conundrums in Its Application. Sociological Bulletin, 70(1), 94–110, https://doi.org/10.1177/0038022920970318

Prokopiou, D. G. – Tselentis, B. S. – Toanoglou, M. (2013): Carrying capacity assessment in tourism: the case of Northern Sporades islands. WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environ-ment, 169, 115–123. https://doi.org/10.2495/CP130101

Rátz, T. (2014): Az EKF-turizmus mint lehetséges niche termék: A kulturális turizmus egy kü-lönleges területének vizsgálata. Turizmus Bulletin, 16(2), 24–33.

Regula, D. (2024): 'Mamma Mia!' Filming Locations: The Complete Guide. Tripsavvy. https://www.tripsavvy.com/mamma-mia-movie-locations-4165540

Saltik, I. A. – Cosar, Y., – Kozak, M. (2011): Film-induced tourism: Benefits and challenges for destination marketing. European Journal of Tourism Research, 4(1), 44–54. https://doi.org/10.54055/ejtr.v4i1.61

Šegota, T. (2018): Creating (extra) ordinary heritage through film-induced tourism: The case of Dubrovnik and Game of Thrones. In Creating heritage for tourism, Routledge, 115–126. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203701881-10

Simon, H., J. R. – Brent, R. (2006): Promoting Destinations via Film Tourism: An Empirical Identification of Supporting Marketing Initiatives. Journal of Travel Research, 44(4), 387–396. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287506286720

Smith, H. (2008): ‘Money, money, money for Greek island as Mamma Mia! draws tourist hordes tiny Skopelos’s spectacular scenery brings in visitors wanting beach weddings’, The Guardian. www.guardian.co.uk/film/2008/dec/20/mamma-mia-greek-island-money

Szeberényi, A. – Varga-Nagy, A. (2017): Az ökoturizmus jövője – összehasonlító elemzés a gyöngyösi diákok körében környezettudatossági aspektusból. Studia Mundi – Economica, 4(5), 73–82. https://doi.org/10.18531/Studia.Mundi.2017.04.05.73-82

Stanchev, R. (2018): The most affected European destinations by over-tourism. Grau de Tu-risme. Memòria del Treball de Fi de Grau.

Staticfiles (2017): Veränderung des Bevölkerungsstands 2006–2016. https://at.staticfiles.at/snippets/interaktiv/2017/04-heimfahrt-karte/

Statistik Austria (2024): Ein Blick auf die Gemeinde. Hallstatt. https://www.statistik.at/atlas/blick/?gemnr=40709&gemnam=Hallstatt#

Tavladorakis, M. – Papadimitriou, P. (2019): In focus: Skiathos, Greece. HVS Athens.

Tkalec, M. – Zilic, I., – Recher, V. (2017). The effect of film industry on tourism: Game of Thrones and Dubrovnik. International Journal of Tourism Research, 19(6), 705–714. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2142

Vanyúr, B. (2021): Az overtourism jelenségének vizsgálata Budapest példáján. Észak-Magyarországi Stratégiai Füzetek, 18(1), 134–142. https://doi.org/10.32976/stratfuz.2021.27

Velissariou, E. – Poulios, T., – Amoiradis, C. (2021): The Observatory of Sustainable Tourism in the Northern Sporades Islands in Greece. Journal of Tourism Research, 25(2), 307. https://www.jotr.eu/index.php/volume25-2/307-the-observatory-of-sustainable-tourism-in-the-northern-sporades-islands-in-greece

Volo, S. – Irimiás, A. (2015): Film Tourism and Post-Release Marketing Initiatives: A Longitu-dinal Case Study. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 33(8), 1071–1087. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2015.1094000

Vukadin, I. M. – Gjurašić, M., – Krešić, D. (2023): From over-tourism to under-tourism–an opportunity for tourism transformation in the City of Dubrovnik. In Ethical and Responsible Tourism, Routledge, 457–471. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003358688-40

Wainwright, O. (2013): Seeing double: what China's copycat culture means for architecture. The Guardian. Culture. https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/architecture-design-blog/2013/jan/07/china-copycat-architecture-seeing-double

Wipatayotin, A. (2018): Rehabilitation plan set for Maya Bay. www.bangkokpost.com/news/general/1465970/rehabilitation-plan-set-for-maya-bay

World Tourism Organization (2018): Tourism and Culture Synergies, UNWTO, Madrid. https://doi.org/10.18111/9789284418978.

Zellmann, P. (2024): Excursus: Overtourism in Austria Using the Example of Hallstatt. In From Overtourism to Sustainability Governance, Routledge, 61–62. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003365815-5

Żemła, M. (2024): European historic cities and overtourism–conflicts and development paths in the light of systematic literature review. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 10(1), 353–372. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijtc-07-2023-0140

Zimmermann, S. (2003): „Reisen in den Film” – Filmtourismus in Nordafrika. Tourismus–Lösung oder Fluch, 75–83.

Published

2025-03-31

How to Cite

Andrea, S.-T., Zoltán, Z., & Csapóné Riskó, T. (2025). A comparative study of film and series tourism locations in European destinations. Studia Mundi – Economica, 12(1), 5-21. https://doi.org/10.18531/sme.vol.12.no.1.pp.5-21

Most read articles by the same author(s)