Anyai befektetések hatása az utódokra, különös tekintettel a stressz befolyásoló szerepére madarakban
Irodalmi áttekintés
Kulcsszavak:
maternális stressz, embriófejlődés, szteroid hormonok, madarakAbsztrakt
Madarakban az utódokat segítő, kikelés előtti, anyai hatás vizsgálata alig 15 éves múltra tekint vissza. Az utóbbi másfél évtized egyik fontos biológiai vívmánya volt, hogy a hormonális miliő infraindividuális szintű, fiziológiai vizsgálatából továbblépve, megjelent a különböző hormonok szerepének kutatása a szupraindividuális szintű mintázatok adaptív magyarázatában. A szerzők először áttekintik az emlősöknél régóta vizsgált a vemhesség alatt az anyaállatot ért stressz hatását az in utero fejlődő embrióra, illetve hatását az utód posztnatális fejlődésére. Rövid bepillantást vetnek ennek alakulására halaknál, illetve hüllőknél. Az irodalmi áttekintés főként a tojásszikbe deponált szteroidok szerepét, azok élettani és szupraindividuális magyarázatait taglalja. Részletezi a szikandrogének, a szik 17-béta-ösztradiol és kortikoszteron az embriófejlődésre illetve posztnatálisan az utódfejlődésre gyakorolt hatásait, kitér a stressz tojásméretre gyakorolt hatásaira, valamint a szikbe deponált szteroidok ivararányt befolyásoló hatásaira.
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