The impact of location, direction and distance on the abundance of invasive species in the surroundings of restoration experiments in the Kiskunság regi-on of Hungary
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56617/tl.6554Keywords:
habitat restoration, invasive plants, invasive propagule, pressure, sandy grasslands, landscape-scale invasionAbstract
The loss of biodiversity on our planet is partly due to the presence and spread of alien invasive species. Once an invasive species has established in a new habitat, it can alter the structure and function of the ecosystem to such an extent that it has an impact even after removal, making it very difficult to control and eradicate. Ecological restoration, when carried out in an effective and sustainable way, contributes to biodiversity conservation and climate change mitigation, resilience and adaptation, and has proven to be an effective method of controlling invasive species. At the same time, the presence of invasive species in the landscape can compromise restoration objectives. The aim of this study is to assess how the abundance of annual and perennial invasive species varies with location, direction and distance around the restoration site, and which factors should be considered when planning restoration interventions. For this purpose, in 2020–2021 eight restoration sites were selected in the Kiskunság, from the centre of restoration parcels the number of shoots of each invasive species was counted in 1 m × 1 m adjacent plots along 100-meter-long transects in the eight cardinal directions. All three landscape factors (location, direction, distance) had a significant effect on the number of shoots of invasive species. The annual invasive species were oriented according to the dominant wind direction characteristic of the area (NW-SE), while the perennials showed a NE dominance. The abundance of invasive species within 100 m gradually increased without abrupt changes with distance from the restored parcels, so this is not expected to have a significant impact on the success of restoration efforts. The location effect draws attention to the fact that the habitat composition and past history of a given site can have a significant impact on the success of restoration interventions.
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