Növényi szervek felületi fertőtlenítése stabil klór-dioxid oldattal: Új lehetőség az obligát biotróf növényparazita gombák in vitro kultúráinak létesítésére

Abstract

Surface disinfection procedure is the first critical step to establish sterile in vitro culture of plants. To make this task more complicated, sometimes we need to develop co-cultures of some plants and pathogens. The most common procedure is using oxidizing compounds (e.g. hypochlorites), which are effective disinfectants, so explants are able to regenerate into sterile plants. These treatments destroy fungal elements on the plant surface but infiltration of disinfectant along the haustoria can damage the mesophyll cells too. In 2011, a new disinfectant product became available with a new mechanism of action. Its active ingredient is extremely clean, stabil chlorine dioxide. The sensitivity of organisms to this substance varies greatly and is strongly dependent on the cell size. Chlorine dioxide was expected to eliminate contaminating bacteria without destroying fungal structures on plant surfaces, and, thus, providing clean co-cultures of the host plant and a parasitic obligate biotrophic fungus inside the plant tissues.The disinfecting effectiveness data of chlorine dioxide showed that its performance was comparable to the disinfection efficacy of calcium hypochlorite, although in some cases (e.g. seeds with scabrous surface) it lagged somewhat behind. The gentle effect of the product was proved by the facts that all three plant species infected with obligate biotrophic parasites survived disinfection treatment with chlorine dioxide and viable in vitro cultures have been established, albeit with different efficiencies. The conclusion is that disinfection with chlorine dioxide enables us to investigate biochemical or molecular genetic parameters of obligate plant parasites without the risk of contaminations deriving from genetic elements, enzymes or secondary metabolites of other unwanted microorganisms.