Examination of the profitability and liquidity of mixed agricultural enterprisesbetween 2019 and 2023
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33032/acr.7109Keywords:
profitability, liquidityAbstract
Companies must use their available resources efficiently in order to achieve effective management and to attain and maintain competitiveness. The research sought to determine the extent to which the Covid-19 pandemic affected the profitability and liquidity of mixed agricultural enterprises. The period under review was 2019-2023. The primary research was based on the CrefoPort database. The study found that the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant and multidimensional impact on the management of mixed-profile agricultural enterprises. The biggest changes were in profitability indicators, with a decline in indicators, fluctuating costs, rising raw material prices, energy prices and labour costs, showing that businesses were sensitive to the crisis. Farmers engaged in crop production and animal husbandry adapted to the market environment and the effects of the crisis through their financing and operating strategies in order to maintain the operation and competitiveness of their businesses.
References
Abdallah, B., S. – Gallego-Elvira, B. – Popa, D. C. – Maestre-Valero, J. F. – Imbernón-Mulero, A. – Popa, R. A. – Bălănescu, M. (2024): Environmental performance of a mixed crop–dairy catt-le farm in Alexandria (Romania). Agriculture, 14(3), 462, https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14030462
Abid, A., – Jie, S. (2021): Impact of COVID-19 on agricultural food: A strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis. Food Frontiers, 2, 396–406. https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.93
Baranyi A. – Csernák J. – Pataki L. – Széles Zs. (2012): A magyar mezőgazdasági vállalkozások vagyoni, pénzügyi helyzetének elemzése, összehasonlítva az erdőgazdálkodást folytató vállalkozá-sok teljesítményével. Közgazdász Fórum / Forum on Economics and Business, 15 (105), 53–80.
Burgerné Gimes A. (2010): Az Európai Unióba újonnan belépett és jelölt országok gazdasága, Dialóg Campus Kiadó, Budapest-Pécs, 335. p.
Cesaro, L. – Giampaolo, A. – Giarè, F. – Sardone, R., Scardera, A. –Viganò, L. (2022): Italian farms during the COVID-19 pandemic: main problems and future perspectives. A direct analysis through the italian FADN. Bio-Based and Applied Economics, 11(1), 21–36. https://doi.org/10.36253/bae-9552
Chandrapala, P., – Knápková, A. (2013): Firm-specific factors and financial performance of firms in the Czech Republic. In Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis (Vol. 61, Issue 7, pp. 2183–2190). https://doi.org/10.11118/actaun201361072183
Chikán Attila (2020): Vállalatgazdaságtan. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó.
Chumakova, N. V. (2023): Profitability management of agricultural enterprises as a factor increa-se the efficiency of their activities. Èkonomika i Upravlenie: Problemy, Rešeniâ, 5/2(137), 34–41. https://doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2023.05.02.005
Demirkol, C., – Açikgöz, A. (2020): Indebtedness and Liquidity in Agriculture: A Long-term Sectoral Evidence from Turkey. Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Socio-logy, 60–73. https://doi.org/10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I530348
Fenyves, V. – Pető, K. – Harangi-Rákos, M. – Szenderák, J. (2019): A Visegrádi országok gazda-sági és pénzügyi helyzete, Gazdálkodás: Scientific Journal on Agricultural Economics, Karoly Robert University College, vol. 63(06), December. https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.298733
Fertő I. – Mizik T. (2017): Agrárgazdaságtan I. Kiadó: Akadémiai Kiadó, ISBN: 978 963 454 006 9. https://doi.org/10.1556/9789634540069
Gascón, J., – Mamani K. (2022): Community-based tourism, peasant agriculture and resilience in the face of COVID-19 in Peru. Journal of Agrarian Change 22: 362–77.
Hatab, A. A. – Owusu-Sekyere, E. – Esmat, A. R. – Lagerkvist, C. J. (2023): In the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic: Perceived risks, management strategies and emerging opportunities for small and medium agri-food enterprises in a developing country. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 97, 104045. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.104045
Herczeg A. (2009): A tőkeszerkezet és a jövedelmezőség kapcsolat mezőgazdasági vállalkozások-ban. Gazdálkodás, Scientific Journal on Agricultural Economics, 53 (6), 570–476.
Helyzetkép a mezőgazdaságról, 2020. (n.d.). Retrieved November 7, 2024, from https://www.ksh.hu/docs/hun/xftp/idoszaki/mezo/2020/index.html
Huender, L. – Everett, M. – Shovic, J. (2025): Valley-Forecast: Forecasting Coccidioidomycosis incidence via enhanced LSTM models trained on comprehensive meteorological data. Journal of biomedical informatics, 162, 104774. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbi.2025.104774
Ika, S. R. – Nugroho, R. A. – Santoso, B. A. – Takril, N. F. – Widagdo, A. K. (2023): Does the COVID-19 epidemic impact on economic sustainability of big agricultural firms in Indonesia? IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1241(1), 012050. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1241/1/012050
Kadzamira, M. A. T. J. – Ogunmodede, A. – Duah, S. – Romney, D. – Clottey, V. A. – Williams, F. (2023): African agri-entrepreneurship in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. CABI Agricultu-re and Bioscience, 4(1), 16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43170-023-00157-3
Kaldybaeva D.O. – Moldakenova Ye.K. – Utegenova Zh.S. (2023): Analysis of the impact of the coronovarus pandemic on the agricultural industry of the East Kazakhstan region and its innova-tive potential. Bulletin of "Turan" University. 2023;(1):184–195. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.46914/1562-2959-2023-1-1-184-195
Kayakus, M. – Tutcu, B. – Terzioglu, M. –Talaş, H. – Ünal Uyar, G. F. (2023): ROA and ROE Forecasting in Iron and Steel Industry Using Machine Learning Techniques for Sustainable Pro-fitability. Sustainability (Switzerland), 15(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/su15097389
Kapronczai I. – Keszthelyi Sz. – Takács I. (2014): Gazdaságok jövedelmezőségének és hatékony-ságának változása. Gazdálkodás: Scientific Journal on Agricultural Economics, 58(3), 222–236.
Koloma, Y. – Kemeze, F.H. (2022): COVID‐19 and perceived effects on agricultural financing in Africa: Evidence and policy implications. African Development Review 34. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8268.12659
Horváth, J. – Komarek L. (2016): A világ mezőgazdaságának fejlődési tendenciái, Szegedi Tudo-mányegyetem Mezőgazdasági Kar, ISBN: SBN: 9789633064962 http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/9789634546030, https://mersz.hu/horvath-komarek-a-vilag-mezogazdasaganak-fejlodese
Lánský, J., – Mareš, D. (2017): Liquidity and Stability of Agriculture in the Czech Republic. Sci-entia Agriculturae Bohemica, 48(3), 177–184. https://doi.org/10.1515/SAB-2017-0024
Lencsés, E. – Hegedűs, Sz. – Lentner, Cs (2022): A magyar mezőgazdaság egyes tesztüzemi mu-tatóinak vizsgálata, európai uniós kitekintésben = Analysis of Some Test Farm Indicators of Hungarian Agriculture, with a European Union Perspective. Európai Tükör 25 (3–4). pp. 147–165. ISSN 1416-6151, https://doi.org/10.32559/et.2022.3-4.7
Magda Sándor (1998): Mezőgazdasági vállalkozások szervezése és ökonómiája, Mezőgazdasági Szak-tudás Kiadó
1.1.1.11. Mezőgazdaságiár-indexek és az agrárolló. (n.d.). Letöltve: 2024. november 7. https://www.ksh.hu/stadat_files/ara/hu/ara0011.html
Mezőgazdaság – Központi Statisztikai Hivatal. (n.d.). Letölve: 2024. november 7. from https://www.ksh.hu/mezogazdasag
Mezőgazdasági számlarendszer 2023: https://www.ksh.hu/s/kiadvanyok/a-mezogazdasag-teljesitmenye-mezogazdasagi-szamlarendszer-2023-masodikbecsles/index.html
Msomi, T. S., – Nzama, S. (2023): Analyzing firm-specific factors affecting the financialperfor-mance of insurance companies in South Africa. In Insurance Markets and Companies (Vol. 14, Issue 1, pp. 8–21). LLC CPC Business Perspectives. https://doi.org/10.21511/ins.14(1).2023.02
Oksana, Havrysh. (2022): 38. Impact of digitalization on the efficiency of agricultural enterprises. Ukraïnsʹkij žurnal prikladnoï ekonomìki. https://doi.org/10.36887/2415-8453-2022-3-41
Pal, A., – Jha, S. (2024): Status and Challenges of Agripreneurship: Relevance in COVID-19 Pandemic. Advances in Research, 25(4). https://doi.org/10.9734/air/2024/v25i41111
Pataki, L. – Vilmos L. (2021): "Három magyarországi régió társas agrárvállalkozásai piaci kon-centrációjának, jövedelmezőségének és hatékonyságának vizsgálata." Acta Carolus Robertus 11(1), 109–120. https://doi.org/10.33032/acr.2583
Pesti, Cs. – Keszthelyi, Sz. – Barkaszi, Sz. – Kárpáti, A. – Szecső M. – Korondiné Dobolyi, E. – Suga, G. – Kis-Csatári E. (2010): A különböző típusú üzemek jövedelmét befolyásoló tényezők vizsgálata és nemzetközi összehasonlítása. Agrárgazdasági Kutató Intézet, 66 p. http://repo.aki.gov.hu/313/1/ai_2010_02.pdf
Prasad, M. V. – T. Madhuridevi – K. Rajesh – S. S. N. M. Mahesh – K. Srikanth, M. Siva, – R. K. Mathur. (2022): Perception of farmers on the impact of lockdown due to COVID-19 on agricul-ture and oil palm cultivation in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India. Journal of Plantation Crops 50: 20–25. https://doi.org/10.25081/jpc.2022.v50.i1.7784
Pravdiuk, M. (2019): Accounting and analytical support to the liquidity management of agricultu-ral enterprises. 124–139. https://doi.org/10.37128/2411-4413-2019-2-11
Ramakumar R. (2020): Agriculture and the COVID-19 pandemic: an analysis with special refe-rence to India. Review of Agrarian Studies, vol. 10(1), 72–110, https://doi.org/10.25003/RAS.10.01.0008
Ryschawy, J. – Choisis, N. – Choisis, J. P. – Joannon, A. – Gibon, A. (2012): Mixed crop-livestock systems: an economic and environmental-friendly way of farming?. animal, 6(10), 1722–1730.
Yekimov, S. – Otroshchenko N. – Voytsekhovska, Y. – Nakhod, S. – Gavrilko, T. (2021): Using grading to motivate staff in agricultural enterprises. E3S Web of Conferences 254, 10006 https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125410006
Samuelson, P. A. – Nordhaus, W. d. (2016): Közgazdaságtan. Akadémiai Kiadó. https://doi.org/10.1556/9789630597814
Sepriani, W. – Nuswantara, B. – Maria, M. (2023): The influence of entrepreneurial internal and external factors on the sustainability of the organic vegetable business during the Covid-19 pan-demic Agric, 35(2), 301–328. https://doi.org/10.24246/agric.2023.v35.i2.p301-328
Shmatkovska, T. О. – Dziamulych, M. – Vavdiiuk, N. S. – Petrukha, S. – Koretska, N. – Bilochenko, A. (2022): Trends and Conditions for the Formation of Profitability of Agricultural Enterprises: A Case Study of Lviv Region, Ukraine. Universal Journal of Agricultural Research, 10(1), 88–98. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujar.2022.100108
Son, P. V. H., – Duong, L. T. (2024): Research on applying machine learning models to predict and assess return on assets (ROA). Asian Journal of Civil Engineering, 25(5), 4269–4279. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42107-024-01046-4
Stępień, S. – Smędzik-Ambroży, K. – Svobodová, E. – Zdráhal, I. – Tošović-Stevanović, A. (2024): Economic and financial condition of farms in Poland and Czechia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Zagadnienia Ekonomiki Rolnej, 378(1). https://doi.org/10.30858/zer/181138
Surisetty , S. – Mansingh J. – P., Nisha A. – Ihou., Atsu F. Y. (2024): “How do Agri-Startups Perceive the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Thematic Analysis” (2024) International Journal of Religion, 5(1), pp. 391– 401. https://doi.org/10.61707/mqhsnf43
Szénay L. – Villányi L. (2000): Agrárgazdaságtan. Mezőgazdasági Szaktudás Kiadó, Budapest. IBSN 963 356 319 4
Szűcs István – Farkasné Fekete Mária (2008): Hatékonyság a mezőgazdaságban (Elmélet és gyakorlat). Budapest, Agroinform Kiadó.
Tang, K. (2024): Agricultural adaptation to the environmental and social consequences of climate change in mixed farming systems: Evidence from North Xinjiang, China. Agricultural Systems, 217, 103913. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2024.103913
Tekić, D. – Mutavdžić, B. – Milić, D. – Zekić, V. – Novaković, T. – Popov, M. (2023): Determi-nants of profitability of micro-agricultural enterprises from the Republic of Serbia. Ekonomija, 26(2), 62–78. https://doi.org/10.5937/etp2302062t
Trach, D. (2024): Financial stability management of the agro-industrial complex enterprise in the market economy. Journal of Research on Trade, Management and Economic Development. https://doi.org/10.59642/jrtmed.2.2023.07
Trusova, N. – Prystemskyi, O. S. – Melnyk, L. (2022): Management of Financial Flows of Eco-nomic Activities: Tools and Stabilizers of Financial Security of the Development of Agricultural Entities. Modern Economics, 34(1), 116–121. https://doi.org/10.31521/modecon.v34(2022)-16
Varga J. – Sipiczki Z. S. (Eds.). (2017): A magyarországi agrárvállalkozások likviditási és jöve-delmezőségi helyzetének elemzése a 2005–2014 közti időszakban. Gazdálkodás,: Scientific Journal on Agricultural Economics. https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.263903
W. K. H. (n.d.): TEÁOR 2008 a gazdasági tevékenységek egységes ágazati osztályozási rendszeré-ről—Hatályos Jogszabályok Gyűjteménye. Letöltve: 2024 november 7. Letöltés helye: https://net.jogtar.hu/jogszabaly?docid=997K9008.KSH&txtreferer=A1300023.BM
Wickham H (2016): ggplot2: Elegant Graphics for Data Analysis. Springer-Verlag New York. ISBN 978-3-319-24277-4. https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org.
Zéman Z.-Béhm I. (2016): A pénzügyi menedzsment controll elemzési eszköztára, Budapest, Akadémiai Kiadó Zrt.
Xu, Z. (2024): “The Impact of COVID-19 for Agricultural Exports”. Highlights in Business, Eco-nomics and Management, 36, 250–255. https://doi.org/10.54097/5701tw73
Xu, B. – Tao, L. – Gui, H. – Xiao, P. – Zhao, X. – Wang, H. – Chen, H. – Wang, H. – Lv, F. – Luo, T. – Cheng, O. – Luo, J. – Man, Y. – Xiao, Z. – Fang, W. (2024): Radiomics based on dif-fusion tensor imaging and 3D T1-weighted MRI for essential tremor diagnosis. Frontiers in neuro-logy, 15, 1460041. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2024.1460041
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Turza Brigitta Hajnalka, Bringye Bernadett, Hegedűs Szilárd
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
