Fumonizin mikotoxinok átalakulása az emésztés során, toxikus hatásuk, valamint biológiai hatástalanításuk
Irodalmi áttekintés
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31914/aak.5167Kulcsszavak:
táplálék mátrix, emésztés, biológiai hozzáférhetőség, fumonizinek, gyomor-bél traktusAbsztrakt
A mikotoxin-szennyezettség az élelmiszertermelés, -feldolgozás, -tárolás, -forgalmazás szinte minden szintjén kialakulhat, és jelentős gazdasági károkat okoz az állattenyésztésben, az állati termékelőállítás során és a növénytermesztésben egyaránt. Emberi viszonylatban az élelmiszerek előállítása-, feldolgozása és elfogyasztása során a szervezetbe bejutva a mikotoxinok számos egészségügyi problémát idéznek elő. Mivel a mikotoxin elsődleges expozíciós szerve a gasztrointesztinális traktus, emiatt a mikotoxin bélrendszerre gyakorolt káros hatásai prezentálásra kerülnek. Jelen áttekintő tanulmány bemutatja a táplálékban jelen levő és emésztés során felszabaduló fumonizin mikotoxin toxicitási hatásmechanizmusát, lehetséges átalakulási formáit, és a szervezet számára a különböző metabolitok biológiai hozzáférhetőségét. Cél továbbá a mikotoxin biológiai hatástalanításának ismertetése, ami leginkább a probiotikus baktériumokkal való megkötést, detoxifikálást jelenti. Ez a módszer az egyik olyan lehetséges út a mikotoxin-szennyezettség kiküszöbölésére, amely közben az élelmiszerek és takarmányok értékes komponensei nem sérülnek a feldolgozás során.
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