Humankapital und Arbeitszufriedenheit in Transformationsökonomien: Eine vergleichende Analyse von Ungarn und Moldawien

Autor/innen

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18531/sme.vol.12.no.1.pp.32-55

Schlagwörter:

Humankapital, Arbeitszufriedenheit, Wissen, Fähigkeiten, Kompetenz, Leistungssteigerung, Mitarbeiterbindung, Arbeitsplatzzufriedenheit

Abstract

Auf der Grundlage von Umfragedaten von 266 Befragten (171 aus Ungarn und 95 aus Moldawien) verwendet diese Forschung statistische Methoden, einschließlich des Mann-Whitney-U-Tests, des Kruskal-Wallis-Tests und der Dunn-Bonferroni-Post-hoc-Analyse, um Variationen zwischen Ländern, Generationen, Sektoren und Organisationsgrößen zu untersuchen.

Die Ergebnisse zeigen keine signifikanten Unterschiede zwischen Ungarn und Moldawien in den drei Dimensionen des Humankapitals – Wissen, Fähigkeiten und Kompetenz – oder der Arbeitszufriedenheit, was auf die universelle Relevanz dieser Faktoren in unterschiedlichen sozioökonomischen Kontexten hinweist. In Moldawien wurden jedoch generationale Unterschiede in den Kompetenzniveaus festgestellt, wobei die Generation Z niedrigere Werte als ältere Kohorten erzielte, während in Ungarn keine generationellen Unterschiede festgestellt wurden. Die Sektoranalyse ergab eine höhere Arbeitszufriedenheit bei Arbeitnehmern im Privatsektor in Ungarn im Vergleich zum öffentlichen Sektor, während in Moldawien keine derartigen Unterschiede erkennbar waren.

Die Organisationsgröße erwies sich als ein signifikanter Faktor, der sowohl die Dimensionen des Humankapitals als auch die Arbeitszufriedenheit in beiden Ländern beeinflusst. Mikroorganisationen erzielten die niedrigsten Werte, insbesondere in Moldawien, während große Organisationen in Ungarn höhere Zufriedenheitswerte aufwiesen, was auf bessere Bezahlung, Leistungen und Arbeitsbedingungen zurückzuführen ist.

Die Studie unterstreicht die Bedeutung gezielter Interventionen, wie Programme zur Kompetenzentwicklung, Reformen im öffentlichen Sektor und maßgeschneiderte Unterstützung für Mikroorganisationen, um die Mitarbeiterzufriedenheit zu verbessern und die Nutzung des Humankapitals zu optimieren. Diese Ergebnisse bieten wertvolle Einblicke in die Beziehung zwischen Humankapital und Arbeitszufriedenheit in Transformationsökonomien und liefern umsetzbare Empfehlungen für politische Entscheidungsträger und Unternehmensleiter.

Autor/innen-Biografien

  • Mihaela Ctitor, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Doctoral School of Economic and Regional Sciences, Magyar Agrár- és Élettudományi Egyetem Gazdaság- és Regionális Tudományok Doktori Iskola

    PhD student
    ctitormiha@gmail.com

  • Csilla Suhajda, Magyar Agrár- és Élettudományi Egyetem, Agrár- és Élelmiszergazdasági Intézet, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Institute of Agricultural and Food Economics

    PhD, associate professor
    suhajda.csilla.judit@uni-mate.hu

  • Szergej Vinogradov, Budapest Metropolitan University, Institute of Methodology and Foreign Languages, Budapesti Metropolitan Egyetem, Módszertan Intézet

    PhD, associate professor
    head of Institute
    szvinogradov@metropolitan.hu

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Veröffentlicht

2025-03-31

Zitationsvorschlag

Ctitor, M., Suhajda, C., & Vinogradov, S. (2025). Humankapital und Arbeitszufriedenheit in Transformationsökonomien: Eine vergleichende Analyse von Ungarn und Moldawien. Studia Mundi – Economica, 12(1), 32-55. https://doi.org/10.18531/sme.vol.12.no.1.pp.32-55

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