Performance of wheat quality characteristics impacted by precrop and plant nutrition

Abstract

Our field researches took place on the test farm of KIT Látókép of University of Debrecen, Centre for Agricultural and Applied Economic Sciences, in growing seasons 2012/2013 and 2013/2014, after previous cropping of sunflower with control, N₆₀+PK and N₁₂₀+PKfertilizer treatments, with varieties Mv Csárdás and Mv Toldi, on chernozem soil, in long-term experiment. According to our data, variety and the effect of the crop year strongly affected the values of the leaf area index (LAI) and the yield. Due to the mild winter in growing season 2013/2014 varieties had much larger assimilative surface, which caused increase in LAI and in the yield. Therefore the natural nutrient utilization capability of the varieties significantly increased. Compared to the previous year, in control treatment we measured 250.0-270.2% higher yield due to the favourable effect of the crop year. Maximum yield (8.21 t ha^-1) was measured with N₆₀+PK fertilizer treatment with variety Mv Toldi. According to our results, in the more favourable crop year of 2013/2014, differences of the SPAD values between the N₆₀+PK and N₁₂₀+PK treatments were minimum (changed between 2.8-6.3 units). It means that the effect of fertilization on SPAD values has reached its optimum level according to our yield results.