Covid-19 Effects on the Environmental Practices in the Hotel Industry, Review Article and Managers' Points of View

Authors

  • Alreahi Mahmoud Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Science, Doctoral School of Economic and Regional Sciences
  • Zoltán Bujdosó Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Rural Development and Sustainable Economy https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5023-074X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33032/acr.5961

Keywords:

COVID-19, coronavirus, green practices, environmentally friendly, the hotel industry, negative, positive

Abstract

COVID-19 had its major effects on each aspect of life, that forced the humanity to modify and upgrade. It also showed that the harmful effects of human activities on the environment could be reduced and eliminated if they take serious steps. The effects of the hotel industry forced it to adopt green practices and upgrade them to reduce the negative effects of COVID-19 on the industry and even gain some competitive advantages and profits. This paper aims to analyze the positive/negative effects of COVID-19 on green practices within the hotel industry, in order to generate some useful lessons for the future or coming crises. This study depended on a mixed method to analyze this issue, a systematic review technique to analyze the scientific productions in this area, and then conduct interviews with managerial in green hotels to combine results. A total of 50 articles were extracted from the “WoS” database and analyzed using three main analysis levels. This study revealed that: (i) COVID-19 had a positive effect on green practices including the hotel industry and also some negative effects, those effects had be summarized into six main groups; (ii) green practices were able to reduce the negative effects of COVID-19 on the hotel industry; (iii) green practices generated a competitive advantage even in the darkest time. (iiii) The upgrade and increase of green practices in the hotel industry continue even after the risk of COVID-19 declined.  

Author Biographies

  • Alreahi Mahmoud, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Science, Doctoral School of Economic and Regional Sciences
  • Zoltán Bujdosó, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Rural Development and Sustainable Economy

    Head of the Doctoral School of Economic and Regional Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences

References

Elshaer, A. – Al-Abyadh, M. – Alsetoohy, O. – Marzouk, A. –; Agina, M. (2022): COVID-19 Pandemic: A Motive for Pro-Environmental Behaviors (Pebs) in the Egyptian Tourism and Hospitality Industry. Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska, 24, 415–438. https://doi.org/10.54740/ros.2022.030

Adongo, R. – Choe, J. a– Sulemana, S. (2023): Environmentally friendly practices in Macau hotels before and after the COVID-19 pandemic: hotel executives perspectives. JOURNAL OF HOSPITALITY AND TOURISM INSIGHTS [Preprint]. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTI-02-2023-0081

Al-Aomar, R. – Hussain, M. (2017): An assessment of green practices in a hotel supply chain: A study of UAE hotels. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 32, 71–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2017.04.002

Allmen, U. et al. (2020): Macrofinancial Considerations for Assessing the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Monetary and Capital Markets.

Alreahi, M. – Bujdosó, Z. – Kabil, M. – Akaak, A. – Benkó, K.F. – Setioningtyas, W.P. – Dá-vid, L.D. (2023): Green Human Resources Management in the Hotel Industry: A Systematic Review. Sustainability, 15(1), p. 99. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15010099

Alreahi, M. – Bujdosó, Z. – Dávid, L.D. – Gyenge, B. (2023): Green Supply Chain Manage-ment in Hotel Industry: A Systematic Review. Sustainability, 15(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/su15075622

Alreahi, M. – Bujdosó, Z. – Lakner, Z. – Pataki, L. – Zhu, K. – Dávid, L.D. – Kabil, M. (2023): Sustainable Tourism in the Post-COVID-19 Era: Investigating the Effect of Green Practices on Hotels Attributes and Customer Preferences in Budapest, Hungary. Sustainability, 15(15), p. 11859. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151511859

Alsetoohy, O. – Al-Abyadh, M. H. A. – Döngül, E. S. – Agina, M. F. – Elshaer, A. (2022): How Humble Leadership Affects Voluntary Green Behavior and Green Performance? The Roles of Job Autonomy and Green Supporting Climate in Hotels. Problemy Ekorozwoju, 17(2), 230–242. https://doi.org/10.35784/pe.2022.2.25

Aria, M. – Cuccurullo, C. (2017): bibliometrix: An R-tool for comprehensive science mapping analysis. Journal of Informetrics, 11(4), 959–975. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joi.2017.08.007

Assaker, G. – Oconnor, P. (2023): The Importance of Green Certification Labels/Badges in Online Hotel Booking Choice: A Conjoint Investigation of Consumers Preferences Pre- and Post-COVID-19. Sage, 64(4), 401–414. https://doi.org/10.1177/19389655231184474

Popescu, D. – Coroş M. M. – Pop I. – Bolog C. (2022): The Green Deal Dynamizer of Digitali-zation in Tourism: The Case of Cluj-Napoca Smart City. www.amfiteatrueconomic.ro, 24(59), p. 110. https://doi.org/10.24818/EA/2022/59/110

Batool, F. – Mohammad, J. – Awang, S.R. (2022): The impact of human capital factors on or-ganizational sustainability in the Malaysian hotel industry: the mediation role of trust. Society and Business Review, 17(4), 636–663. https://doi.org/10.1108/SBR-11-2021-0220

Berezan, O. – Millar, M. – Raab, C. (2014): Sustainable Hotel Practices and Guest Satisfaction Levels. International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration, 15(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/15256480.2014.872884

Bhrammanachote, W. – Sawangdee, Y. (2021): Sustaining or Surviving? An Exploratory Case Study on Covid-19s Impact Towards Hotel Businesses. Tourism and hospitality management, 27(2), 273–292. https://doi.org/10.20867/thm.27.2.3

Cardoso, D. – Sousa, B. – Liberato, D. – Liberato, P. – Lopes, E. – Gonçalves, F. – Figueira, V. (2023): Digital Communication and the Crisis Management in Hotel Management: A Perspec-tive in the Euroregion North of Portugal and Galicia (ERNPG). Administrative Sciences, 13(8), p. 191. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci13080191

Chen, A. – Peng, N. (2023): Antecedents to Consumers Green Hotel Stay Purchase Behavior during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The influence of green consumption value, emotional ambiv-alence, and consumers perceptions. Tourism Management Perspectives, 47, p. 101107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2023.101107

Chen, C.-D. – Su, C.-H. (Joan) – Chen, M.-H. (2022): Are ESG-committed hotels financially resilient to the COVID-19 pandemic? An autoregressive jump intensity trend model. Tourism Management, 93, p. 104581. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2022.104581

Choirisa, S.F. (2022): The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the hotel industry in Indonesia. Economics, Management and Sustainability, 7(1), 86–94. https://doi.org/10.14254/jems.2022.7-1.7

Clark, J. – Mauck, N. – Pruitt, S.W. (2021): The financial impact of COVID-19: Evidence from an event study of global hospitality firms. Research in International Business and Finance, 58, p. 101452. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2021.101452

Constantin, C. – Ispas, A. – Candrea, A.N. (2013): Identifying Tourists Interested in Eco-Certified Accommodation Units from Brașov, Romania. Management Dynamics in the Knowledge Economy, 1(3), 521–542.

Deloitte The Netherlands (2020): Impact of COVID-19 on the hospitality industry. Netherlands: Deloitte, p. 2. https://www2.deloitte.com/nl/nl/pages/consumer/articles/impact-of-covid-19-on-the-hospitality-industry.html

DSouza, C. – Taghian, M. – Lamb, P. (2006): An empirical study on the influence of environ-mental labels on consumers. Corporate Communications: An International Journal, 11(2), 162–173. https://doi.org/10.1108/13563280610661697

Elkhwesky, Z. – Salem, I. E. – Varmus, M., – Ramkissoon, H. (2022): Sustainable practices in hospitality pre and amid COVID-19 pandemic: Looking back for moving forward post-COVID-19. Sustainable Development, 30(5), 1426–1448. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.2304

Elkhwesky, Z. – El Manzani, Y. – Salem, I. (2022): Driving hospitality and tourism to foster sustainable innovation: A systematic review of COVID-19-related studies and practical impli-cations in the digital era. SAGE, 24(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1177/14673584221126792

Fatima, T. – Elbanna, S. (2023): Advancing sustainable performance management in the hospi-tality industry: A novel framework based on a health-inclusive balanced scorecard. Tourism Management Perspectives, 48, p. 101141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2023.101141

Filimonau, V. (2021): The prospects of waste management in the hospitality sector post COVID-19. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 168, p. 105272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.105272

Flejszman, A.M. (2009): Benefits of Environmental Management System in Polish Companies Compliant with ISO 14001. Pol. J. Environ. Stud., 18(3), 411–419.

Gallego-Álvarez, I. – García-Sánchez, I.M. – da Silva Vieira, C. (2014): Climate Change and Financial Performance in Times of Crisis. Business Strategy and the Environment, 23(6), 361–374. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.1786

Gautam, P. (2021): The Effects and Challenges of COVID-19 in the Hospitality and Tourism Sector in India. Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Education, 11, 43–63. https://doi.org/10.3126/jthe.v11i0.38242

Gil, M.J.A – Agudo, A.A. (2022): CSR and SDGs Contribution to Hotels Resilience in COVID-19 days, in J.V. de Carvalho – P. Liberato, – A. Peña (eds): Advances in Tourism, Technology and Systems. Singapore: Springer Nature, 231–241. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9701-2_19

Gil-Saura, I. – Ruiz-Molina, M. E. – Moise, M. S. – Marín-García, A. (2023): Strengthening Brand Equity in Hotel Chains: Insights from Emerging Vs. Developed Economies. International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration, 25(5), 1013–1037. https://doi.org/10.1080/15256480.2023.2204497

Guevara, G. (2020): Open Letter From The World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC). https://wttc.org/Portals/0/Documents/Press%20Releases/COVID-19-Open-Letter.pdf?ver=2020-05-05-114148-913 (Accessed: 9 March 2023)

Gupta, V. – Sahu, G. (2021): Reviving the Indian hospitality industry after the Covid-19 pan-demic: the role of innovation in training. Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes, 13(5), 599–609. https://doi.org/10.1108/WHATT-05-2021-0065

Gyurkó Á. – Gonda T. (2024): Regional situation and performance evaluation of tourism de-velopment in the Pécs-Villány tourism area. Deturope: The Central European Journal Of Regional Development And Tourism. 16(3): 36–56. https://doi.org/10.32725/det.2024.010

Hameed, I. – Hussain, H. – Khan, K. (2021): The role of green practices toward the green word-of-mouth using stimulus-organism-response model. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism In-sights, 5(5), 1046–1061. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTI-04-2021-0096

Han, H. – Hsu, L.-T. (Jane) – Lee, J.-S. (2009): Empirical investigation of the roles of attitudes toward green behaviors, overall image, gender, and age in hotel customers eco-friendly decision-making process. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 28(4), 519–528. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2009.02.004

Hasan, A.A.-T. (2022): Afforestation intentions for mitigating carbon emissions in the post-COVID-19 perspective: the case of green hotel visitors in Bangladesh. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 9(1), 182–200. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJTC-05-2022-0126

Hasan, A.A.-T. – Rahman, M.T. (2022): Factors influencing green hotel revisit intentions after the COVID-19 in Bangladesh. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 9(1), 143–158. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJTC-03-2022-0065

Hoang, T.G. – Truong, N.T. – Nguyen, T.M. (2021): The survival of hotels during the COVID-19 pandemic: a critical case study in Vietnam. Service Business, 15(2), 209–229. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11628-021-00441-0

Jafari, K., Özduran, A. – Saydam, M.B. (2021): Hospitality and tourism industry amid COVID-19 pandemic: voices from small Mediterranean town. International Hospitality Review, 37(2), 243–264. https://doi.org/10.1108/IHR-07-2021-0054

Jian, Y. – Yu, I. Y. – Yang, M. X. – Zeng, K. J. (2020): The Impacts of Fear and Uncertainty of COVID-19 on Environmental Concerns, Brand Trust, and Behavioral Intentions toward Green Hotels. Sustainability, 12(20), p. 8688. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12208688

Johann, M. (2022): CSR Strategy in Tourism during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Sustainability, 14(7), 3773. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14073773

JosephNg, P.S. (2023): Hotel room access control: an NFC approach ecotourism framework. Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management, 15(3), 530–551. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSTPM-10-2021-0153

Kabil, M. – Priatmoko, S. – Magda, R. – Dávid, L. D. (2021): Blue Economy and Coastal Tour-ism: A Comprehensive Visualization Bibliometric Analysis. Sustainability, 13(7), p. 3650. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13073650

Kabil, M. – Ali, M. A. – Marzouk, A. – Dávid, L. D (2022): Gender Perspectives in Tourism Studies: A Comparative Bibliometric Analysis in the MENA Region. Tourism Planning & Devel-opment, 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/21568316.2022.2050419

Karatepe, T. (2022): Do Qualitative and Quantitative Job Insecurity Influence Hotel Employ-ees Green Work Outcomes?. Sustainability, 14(12), 7235. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14127235

Khan, K. – Hameed, I. (2019): Determinants of sustainable consumption in high and low in-volvement product categories. Amazonia- investiga, 8(20), 503–515. https://amazoniainvestiga.info/index.php/amazonia/article/view/179/154

Khan K. I. – Niazi A. – Nasir A. – Hussain M. – Khan M. I. (2021): The Effect of COVID-19 on the Hospitality Industry: The Implication for Open Innovation. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc7010030

Kim, S. (Sam) – Kim, J. – Lee, J. C. – Park, J. (2024): Threat-Induced Sustainability: How Covid-19 has Affected Sustainable Behavioral Intention and Sustainable Hotel Brand Choice. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 48(3), 501–515. https://doi.org/10.1177/10963480221116060

Kuo, C.-W. (2021): Can We Return to Our Normal Life When the Pandemic Is under Control? A Preliminary Study on the Influence of COVID-19 on the Tourism Characteristics of Taiwan. Sustainability, 13(17). https://doi.org/10.3390/su13179589

Li, X. – Wong, C. U. I. – Ren, L. – Zhang, H. (2025): COVID-19 and the Production of Knowledge on Hotel Management. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 26(2), 282–307. https://doi.org/10.1080/1528008X.2023.2241157

Lin, C.-S. – Shyu, C.-S. – Li, C.-P. (2023): The Greener the Hotel, the Better Operating Effi-ciency It Has? A Sustainable Tourism Perspective. Sustainability, 15(14), p. 10927. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151410927

Lin, J. (C.) – Zhou, Z. – Zheng, F. – Jiang, X. – Nguyen, N. (2023): How do hotel star ratings affect the relationship between environmental CSR and green word-of-mouth?. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 30(5), 2651–2663. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.2508

Liu, C. – Yang, J. (2021): How hotels adjust technology-based strategy to respond to COVID-19 and gain competitive productivity (CP): strategic management process and dynamic capabili-ties. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 33(9), 2907–2931. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-10-2020-1143

Marco-Lajara, B. – Úbeda-García, M. – Ruiz-Fernández, L. – Poveda-Pareja, E. – Sánchez-García, E. (2022): Rural hotel resilience during COVID-19: the crucial role of CSR. Current Issues in Tourism, 25(7), 1121–1135. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2021.2005551

Marques, I.A. – Borges, I. – Pereira, A.M. – Magalhães, J. (2022): Hotel Technology Innova-tions as Drivers of Safety and Hygiene in Hotel Customers. In: J.V. de Carvalho – P. Liberato, – A. Peña (eds) Advances in Tourism, Technology and Systems. Singapore: Springer Nature, 571–583. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9701-2_47

Mehta, K. – Sharma, S. (2021): Analyzing employee perspectives on the impact of COVID-19 on sustainable practices: a study of five-star hotels in India. Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes, 13(5), 636–645. https://doi.org/10.1108/WHATT-05-2021-0073

Moise, M.S. – Gil-Saura, I. – Šerić, M. – Molina M. E. R. (2019): Influence of environmental practices on brand equity, satisfaction and word of mouth. Journal of Brand Management, 26(6), 646–657. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41262-019-00160-y

Ņikadimovs, O. – Rodčenkova, A. (2021): Hospitality Industry During Covid-19 Crisis: Re-view of the Current Situation and Sustainable Post-crisis Response. Society. Integration. Education. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference, 6, 449–467. https://doi.org/10.17770/sie2021vol6.6432

Ozdemir O. – Dogru T. – Kizildag M. – Mody M. – Suess C. (2021): Quantifying the economic impact of COVID-19 on the U.S. hotel industry: Examination of hotel segments and operation-al structures. Tourism Management Perspectives, 39, p. 100864. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2021.100864

Page, M.J. et al. (2021): The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting sys-tematic reviews. BMJ, p. n71. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71

Polemis, M. (2020): The impact of COVID-19 on hotel performance: Evidence from a Differ-ence-in-Differences approach. MPRA, 1–11.

Prakash S – Sharma VP – Singh R – Vijayvargy L – Nilaish (2022): Adopting green and sustain-able practices in the hotel industry operations- an analysis of critical performance indicators for improved environmental quality. Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal, 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1108/MEQ-03-2022-0090

Robina-Ramírez, R. – Medina-Merodio, J.A. – Estriegana, R. (2022): What do urban and rural hotel managers say about the future of hotels after COVID-19? The new meaning of safety experiences. Cities, 120, p. 103492. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2021.103492

Saepudin, P. – Putra, F.K.K. (2023): Analyzing the application of cleanliness, health, safety, and environmental sustainability (CHSE) certification in the hotel business sector during the covid-19 pandemic: perspectives of managers. Tourism and hospitality management, 29(4), 517–529. https://doi.org/10.20867/thm.29.4.4

Šerić, Maja – Šerić, Mario (2021): Sustainability in Hospitality Marketing during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Content Analysis of Consumer Empirical Research. Sustainability, 13(18), p. 10456. https://doi.org/10.3390/su131810456

Serrano-Baena, M. M. – Fernández, R. E. H. – Ruiz-Díaz, C. – Triviño-Tarradas, P. (2023): Promoting the Sustainable Recovery of Hospitality in the Post-Pandemic Era: A Comparative Study to Optimize the Servicescapes. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(2), p. 1100. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021100

Simon, E. (2020): Global hotel profit rocked by COVID-19. online Journal. UK: HotStats. https://www.hotstats.com/hotel-industry-trends/global-hotel-profit-rocked-by-covid-19 (Ac-cessed: 9 March 2023).

Singh, N. – Cranage, D. – Lee, S. (2014): Green strategies for hotels: Estimation of recycling benefits. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 43, 13–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2014.07.006

Sorin, F. – Sivarajah, U. (2021): Exploring Circular economy in the hospitality industry: empiri-cal evidence from Scandinavian hotel operators. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 21(3), 265–285. https://doi.org/10.1080/15022250.2021.1921021

S.W. Chan, E. (2013): Gap analysis of green hotel marketing. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 25(7), 1017–1048. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-09-2012-0156

S.W.Chan, E. – H.C. Hsu, C. (2016): Environmental management research in hospitality. Inter-national Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 28(5), 886–923. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-02-2015-0076.

Syariati, A. – Syariati, N. E. – Jafar, R. – Rusydi, B. U. (2023): Innovation norms during COVID-19 and Indonesian hotel performance: Innovative energy use as a mediating variable. Cogent Business & Management, 10(1), p. 2194119. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2023.2194119

Tao, C.-W. (Willie) – Lee, S. H. (Jenna) – Douglas, A. C. – Oh, H. (2023): All That Glitters is Not Green: Impact of Biophilic Designs on Customer Experiential Values. SAGE, 47(4), 789–803. https://doi.org/10.1177/10963480221134547

Tarigan, Z.J.H. – Tanuwijaya, N.C. – Siagian, H. (2020): Does Top Management Attentiveness Affect Green Performance through Green Purchasing and Supplier Collaboration?. Academy of Strategic Management Journal, 19(4), 1–10. https://www.abacademies.org/articles/Does-top-management-attentiveness-affect-green-performance-through-green-purchasing-and-supplier-collaboration-1939-6104-19-4-590.pdf

Taşçıoğlu, M. – Yener, D. (2022): Understanding Consumers Perceived Risk during the COVID-19 Threat: A Scenario-Based Experiment. International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration, 23(6), 1192–1218. https://doi.org/10.1080/15256480.2021.2015041

Tothova, K. – Chladkova, M. – Kahunova, A. – Formankova, S. – Kucerova, R. (2022): Proac-tive Environmental Strategies and Their Impact on Hotel Competitiveness During Crisis: The Case of the Czech Hotel Industry. Journal of Competitiveness, 14(2), 156–173. https://doi.org/10.7441/joc.2022.02.09

Varelas, S. – Karvela, P. – Georgopoulos, N. (2021): The Impact of Information Technology and Sustainable Strategies in Hotel Branding, Evidence from the Greek Environment. Sustaina-bility, 13(15), p. 8543. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13158543

Vávrová, J. (2022): Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Corporate Social Responsibility in the Hotel Industry – Case of the Czech Republic. Journal of Tourism and Services, 13(25), 213–229. https://doi.org/10.29036/jots.v13i25.414

Qian-Cheng W. – Yi-Ning L. – Xuan L. – Xin J. – Xuewei L. – Qian X. (2023): Determinants and mechanisms driving energy-saving behaviours of long-stay hotel guests: Comparison of lei-sure, business and extended-stay residential cases. Energy Reports, 9, 1354–1365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2022.12.051

WHO Health Emergencies Programme (2024): Number of COVID-19 cases reported to WHO. statisics World, 28 days to 9 June 2024. World Health Organization. https://data.who.int/dashboards/covid19/cases (Accessed: 25 June 2024).

Xu, L. – Mohammad, S.J. – Nawaz, N. – Samad, S. – Ahmad, N. – Comite, U. (2022): The Role of CSR for De-Carbonization of Hospitality Sector through Employees: A Leadership Perspec-tive. Sustainability, 14(9), p. 5365. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14095365

Yenidogan, A. – Yenidogan, T. – Tetik, N. (2021): Environmental management and hotel prof-itability: operating performance matters, Tourism & Management Studies, 17(3), 7–19. https://doi.org/10.18089/tms.2021.170301

Zaman, M. – Vo-Thanh, T. – Hasan, R. – Shams, S. M. R. – Vukovic, D. B. (2022): How can hotels create sustainable competitive advantages? A resource-based view. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 33(6), 707–722. https://doi.org/10.1080/0965254X.2022.2066558

Zeng, S. X. – Xie, X. M. – Tam, C. M. – Shen, L. Y. (2011): An empirical examination of bene-fits from implementing integrated management systems (IMS). Total Quality Management & Busi-ness Excellence, 22(2), 173–186. https://doi.org/10.1080/14783363.2010.530797

Zhang, D. – Xie, J. (2021): Uncovering the effect of environmental performance on hotels fi-nancial performance: a global outlook. Current Issues in Tourism, 24(20), 2849–2854. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2020.1852197

Zhang, H. – Ul Ainn, Q. – Bashir, I. – Ul Haq, J. – Bonn, M.A. (2022): Does Greenwashing Influence the Green Product Experience in Emerging Hospitality Markets Post-COVID-19?. Sustainability, 14(19), p. 12313. https://doi.org/10.3390/su141912313

Zhang, X. – Chang, B.-G. – Wu3, K.-S. (2022): COVID-19 Shock, Financial Flexibility, and Hotels Performance Nexus. Frontiers, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.792946

Zutshi, A. – Creed, A. – Bhattacharya, A. – Croy, G. – Dahms, S. (2022): Sustainability during the COVID pandemic: analysis of hotel association communication. Current Issues in Tourism, 25(23), 3840–3853. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2022.2057842

Downloads

Published

2025-12-15

How to Cite

Alreahi, M., & Bujdosó, Z. (2025). Covid-19 Effects on the Environmental Practices in the Hotel Industry, Review Article and Managers’ Points of View. Acta Carolus Robertus, 15(Különszám), 31–62. https://doi.org/10.33032/acr.5961

Most read articles by the same author(s)