Transzlációhoz kapcsolt mRNS minőségellenőrző rendszerek szerepének áttekintése normál és patogénekkel szembeni működés során
Kulcsszavak:
nonsense-mediated decay, non-stop decay, no-go decay, transzláció-kapcsolt minőségellenőrzés, növényi kórokozókkal szembeni védekezésAbsztrakt
Az eukarióta sejtben a molekuláris folyamatok az információáramlás és a normál működés minden szintjére kiterjedően szigorú minőségellenőrzés alatt állnak. A minőségellenőrző rendszerek egy része az mRNS hibáit ismerni fel. Ezek a rendszerek – a nonsense-mediated decay (NMD), a non-stop decay (NSD) és a no-go decay (NGD) – a transzláció során, azzal kapcsolt módon működnek. Legfontosabb feladatuk, hogy a transzláció menetét megakasztó, hibás fehérjét kódoló mRNS-t és a képződő fehérjét felismerjék és gyorsan lebontsák. Együttes működésük védi a növényi proteom és transzkriptom épségét a transzláció során fellépő hibák felhalmozódásától. Az elmúlt évtized eredményeiből egyre világosabban látszik, hogy az NMD nem csak a hibás mRNS lebontásában, hanem a normál génkifejeződés szabályozásában is jelentős szerepet játszik, különösen növényeknél a kórokozókkal szembeni védekezés során. Az NMD-hez hasonlóan a NSD és a NGD is rendelkezik azokkal a sajátosságokkal, amik alkalmassá tehetik a génkifejeződés szabályozására és a fertőzésekkel szembeni védekezésre. A tanszláció-kapcsolt minőségellenőrző rendszerekhez kötődő változások a patogénekkel szembeni védekezésben betöltött szerepükből adódóan új rezisztenciaforrásként jelenhetnek meg a nemesítés során.
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