Effect of precipitation on wheat (Triticum aestivum), maize (Zea mays), and sunflower (Helianthus annuus) yields in the district of Szentes

Authors

  • Dorottya Szám Faculty of Water Sciences, Department of Regional Water Management Ludovika University of Public Service, Baja, Hungary; National Laboratory for Water Science and Water Security, Faculty of Water Sciences, Ludovika University of Public Service, Baja, Hungary https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4299-8712
  • Gábor Keve Faculty of Water Sciences, Department of Regional Water Management Ludovika University of Public Service, Baja, Hungary https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6571-3453
  • Dániel Koch Faculty of Water Sciences, Department of Regional Water Management Ludovika University of Public Service, Baja, Hungary; National Laboratory for Water Science and Water Security, Faculty of Water Sciences, Ludovika University of Public Service, Baja, Hungary https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0944-1828
  • Zsolt Hetesi Faculty of Water Sciences, Department of Water and Environmental Security Ludovika University of Public Service, Baja, Hungary; Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Mathematics and Informatics University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.70809/6552

Keywords:

Triticum aestivum, Zea mays, Helianthus annuus, rainfall extremities, drought, Great Hungarian Plain

Abstract

Hungary's three most important arable crops are wheat, maize, and sunflower. These crops have the largest area under cultivation. In our study, we compared the average yields of a 200-ha farm on the outskirts of Szentes city with variations in rainfall conditions. We have shown that the amount of rainfall during the growing season affected the yield averages of wheat and maize and their prices on the world market. Yields of drought-sensitive maize, which prefers humid conditions, were most dependent on rainfall. However, rainfall also proved to be a significant factor in wheat yield averages. Sunflower yield averages did not correlate with rainfall, which may be because water demand is highly dependent on the phenological stage. Therefore, a good rainfall distribution over time is also important for this crop. Changes in rainfall patterns due to climate change do not favor any crop. This is because climate change is reflected in a linear trend in annual rainfall amounts and greater rainfall variability over time and space.

Author Biography

  • Dorottya Szám , Faculty of Water Sciences, Department of Regional Water Management Ludovika University of Public Service, Baja, Hungary; National Laboratory for Water Science and Water Security, Faculty of Water Sciences, Ludovika University of Public Service, Baja, Hungary

    corresponding author
    szam.dorottya@uni-nke.hu

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Published

2024-09-30

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