Protective effect of vitamins and epicatechin on cadmium toxicity in rats
Keywords:
cadmium toxicity, N-acetyl-β-D-glucoaminidase, alanine-amino-peptidase, epicatechin, vitamins C, EAbstract
Cadmium is one of the most toxic heavy metals. It causes serious environmental and occupational contamination which may represent a health hazard to both humans and animals. Cd is efficiently retained in the human body, in which it accumulates throughout life. This heavy metal is a potential carcinogenic environmental pollutant. Antioxidants such as vitamin C, vitamin E and epicatechin (green tea extract) are important for preventing the damage caused by reactive oxygen species or Cd toxicity. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of vitamins C, E, and epicatechin on cadmium induced toxicity in public health. Rats exposed on cadmium 5 times per week for 21 days exhibited kidney failure and lipid peroxidation measured by using new sensitive biomarkers. Vitamin C, vitamin E and epicatechin treatments restituted in some extent the lowered level of alanine-amino-peptidase (AAP) and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) caused by Cd exposure. The oxidative stress biomarkers such as serum glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity decreased by the effect of cadmium and those improved by the protective factors in the present study, while the elevated level of malonaldehyde (MDA) by Cd was ameliorated by antioxidants supplements. Our results suggest that vitamin C, vitamin E and epicatechin have symbiotic protective effect against cadmium-induced toxicity.
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