Recycling of Organic Waste: An Overview of Pálinka Distillery Mash Composting

Authors

  • Lara Rúbia Borges Silva Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Institute of Environmental Science
  • Levente Kardos Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Institute of Environmental Science

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33038/jcegi.3509

Keywords:

organic waste, compost, pálinka, mash residue, heavy metal accumulation

Abstract

Organic waste generation has been extending to an alarming level in most areas of the world, and its sustainable management is required. In Hungary, the amount of organic waste is increasing significantly, especially in pálinka manufacturing - a Hungarian hard liquor - producing a great quantity of mash residue, mostly grape pomace spent wash, a non-hazardous food waste that is a suspension left over by the distillation of fermented spirits. Around two hundred thousand tons of fruit waste are generated annually, and its full recycling and legal disposal are unprecedented in Hungarian distilling plants, threatening the environment if disposed of incorrectly. In this paper, we focused on reviewing the Pálinka mash composting, where the biggest challenge for its treatment is its initial pH, around 4, which can be successfully neutralized with mineral additives. The applied additives were chosen by their beneficial physical, chemical, and biological qualities. Accordingly, andesite and alginite were employed in the experimental composting. The results of our observation have confirmed that the mineral additives can establish valuable compost or fertilizer, favourably altering the dynamics of the decomposition and synthesis reactions. As an experiment on mash composting technology, we also tested the mature mash compost in culture vessel experiments for heavy metal adsorption capacity of the ma tube mash compost using lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum) as test plants. The plants were irrigated with lead (Pb), and iron (Fe) contaminated water, and then it was determined the metals accumulation capacity of the plants and growing media with an Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS). The study could compare the rate of heavy metal accumulation by different plant parts and ratios of Pálinka mash compost in the growing media.

Author Biographies

  • Lara Rúbia Borges Silva, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Institute of Environmental Science

    Lara Rúbia Borges Silva
    Corresponding author
    PhD student
    Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Institute of Environmantal Sciences, Department of Agro-Environmental Studies,
    1118 Budapest, Villányi út 29-43.
    borgesrubialara@gmail.com

  • Levente Kardos, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Institute of Environmental Science

    Dr. Kardos Levente PhD
    Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Institute of Environmantal Sciences, Department of Agro-Environmental Studies,
    1118 Budapest, Villányi út 29-43.
    kardos.levente@uni-mate.hu

References

BARABÁS, A. – SZIGETI, J. (2015): Experiences of using the fruit waste of the modern Hungarian pálinka fermentation technology for the foraging of extensively kept grey cattle. Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Alimentaria, 8(1), 125–135. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/ausal-2015-0013

BARTH, J. – AMLINGER, F. – FAVOINO, E. – SIEBERT, S. – KEHRES, B. – GOTTSCHALL, R. (2008): Final Report – Compost production and use in the EU. European Commission, DG Joint Research Centre/ITPS. 182p. available at: http://www.organics-recycling.org.uk/dmdocuments/compostproduction_and_usein_EU.pdf

BERTRAN, E. – SORT, X. – SOLIVA, M. – TRILLAS, I. (2004): Composting winery waste: sludges and grape stalks. Bioresource technology, 95(2), 203–208. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2003.07.012

BORGES SILVA, L.R. – RAJCSOK, D. – SIPOS, E. – ROZMANN, V. – KARDOS, L. (2021): Characterization of different mash composts with culture vessel experiments. In: Cseresznyés, D. – Király, Cs. (ed.) 16th Carpathian Basin Conference for Environmental Sciences Budapest, Hungary, ELTE Faculty of Natural Sciences, 83.

BORGES SILVA, L.R. – JIEQING, Z. – SIPOS, E. – ROZMANN, V. – KARDOS, L. (2022): Effect of Pálinka mash compost on heavy metal accumulation by lettuce and tomato plants. In: Szigyártó, I.L., Szikszai, A. (ed.) 17th Carpathian Basin Conference for Environmental Sciences Book, (ed.:), Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Ábel Printing Ltd., Cluj-Napoca, 236–242. ISSN 1842-9815

BURG, P. – ZEMÁNEK, P. – MICHÁLEK, M. (2011): Evaluating of selected parameters of composting process by composting of grape pomace. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 59(6), 75–80. DOI: https://doi.org/10.11118/actaun201159060075

DIAZ, L. F. – DE BERTOLDI, M. – BIDLINGMAIER, W. – STENTIFORD E. (2011): Compost science and technology. Waste Management Series, 8, 364p.

DOBREI, A. – ROTARU, L. – MUSTEA, M. (2005): Grapevine cultivation. Cultura viţei de vie. (Grapevine cultivation.) Editura Solness, Timişoara, 149–157.

ELEONORA, N. – DOBREI, A. – ALINA, D. – ERZSEBET, K. – VALERIA, C. (2014): Grape pomace as fertilizer. Journal of Horticulture, Forestry and Biotechnology, 18(2), 141–145.

EPSTEIN, E. (1997): The Science of Composting. CRC Press LLC, Florida, 504 p.

GÓMEZ-BRANDÓN, M. – LAZCANO, C. – LORES, M. – DOMÍNGUEZ, J. (2011): Short-term stabilization of grape marc through earthworms. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 187(1–3), 291–295. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.01.011

HARCSA, I.M. (2017): Study on the potential of subcontract palinka distillation. Ekonomika poljoprivrede, 64, 1379–1391.

HARCSA, I.M. (2018): Energy Demand for Pálinka Production and some Practical Issues of Waste Treatment. Economic and Regional Studies / Studia Ekonomiczne i Regionalne, 10(3), 82–95. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ers-2017-0027

HAUG, R.T. (1993): The practical handbook of compost engineering. Routledge. 752p. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1201/9780203736234

KARACA, A. (2004): Effect of organic wastes on the extractability of cadmium, copper, nickel, and zinc in soil. Geoderma, 122(2–4), 297–303. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.01.016

KASZA, GY. – BÓDI, B. – SÁRKÖZI, E. – MÁZSA, Á. – KARDOS, L. (2015): Vermicomposting of Sewage Sludge — Experiences of A Laboratory Study. Int. J. Biosci. Biochem. Bioinform, 5(1), 1–10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17706/ijbbb.2015.5.1.1-10

KOTROCZÓ, ZS. – FEKETE, ZS. (2020): Significance of soil respiration from biological activity in the degradation processes of different types of organic matter. DRC Sustainable Future: Journal of Environment, Agriculture, and Energy, 1(2), 171–179. DOI: https://doi.org/10.37281/DRCSF/1.2.10

KOVÁCS, B. – KOTROCZÓ, ZS. – KOCSIS, L. – BIRÓ, B. (2020): Potentials of indoor lettuce production in natural forest soil at limited watering. Journal of Central European Agriculture, 21(3): 531–536. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5513/JCEA01/21.3.2897

NERANTZIS, E.T. – TATARIDIS, P. (2006): Integrated enology-utilization of winery by-products into high added value products. J. Sci. Tech, 1(3), 79–89.

PINAMONTI, F.L. – STRINGARI, G.I. – GASPERI, F.L. – ZORZI, G.I. (1997): The use of compost: its effects on heavy metal levels in soil and plants. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 21(2), 129–143. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-3449(97)00032-3

PORDER, S. – RAMACHANDRAN, S. (2013): The phosphorus concentration of common rocks – a potential driver of ecosystem P status. Plant and Soil, 367, 41–55. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-012-1490-2

VILLENA, R. – CASTELLANOS, M.T. – CARTAGENA, M.C. – RIBAS, F. – ARCE, A. – CABELLO, M.J. – REQUEJO, M.I. (2018): Winery distillery waste compost effect on the performance of melon crop under field conditions. Scientia Agricola, 75(6), 494–503. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-992X-2016-0507

WOLINSKA, A. – STEPNIEWSK, Z. (2012): Dehydrogenase Activity in the Soil Environment. In: Canuto, R.A. (ed.) Dehydrogenases, IntechOpen, London. 10.5772/48294 https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/40938

Downloads

Published

2022-12-13

Issue

Section

Cikk szövege

How to Cite

Recycling of Organic Waste: An Overview of Pálinka Distillery Mash Composting. (2022). Journal of Central European Green Innovation, 10(Suppl 1), 157-175. https://doi.org/10.33038/jcegi.3509