Stress factors in goat housing technology, in particular to heat stress
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17205/aweth.7329Keywords:
goat breeding, stress, heat stress, THI-valueAbstract
Heat stress is becoming an increasingly serious issue in livestock farming worldwide, particularly due to global warming and the growing frequency of extreme weather conditions. Biologically, heat stress occurs when an animal’s ability to dissipate heat is insufficient to balance internal heat production, leading to an abnormal rise in body temperature. While goats are generally well adapted to dry and hot climates, prolonged heatwaves and high humidity can still pose significant stress for them. The unwanted effects of heat stress are reflected in reduced feed intake, lower milk and meat yields, impaired reproductive performance, and weakened immune function. Effective measurement and monitoring—such as tracking body temperature, respiration rate, and behavioural changes—are essential for early detection. Prevention and management strategies must focus on providing adequate shade, ventilation, and fresh water, as well as optimizing feeding practices and employing selective breeding techniques. In Hungary, the study of heat stress in goats is still a relatively under-researched area. However, with the advancement of climate change, its domestic relevance is expected to increase. Therefore, it is justified to begin preparations in this field to ensure that goat farmers can adapt effectively and in time to changing environmental conditions.
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