JOURNAL OF LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY
type: channel
description: ISSN 1589-4673 (Print) In our present world new scientific areas are arising. Basic researches are developing, areas handling our environment more as units are under intensive development. In these works the role of protection and knowing of the landscape has increased significantly. Our journal started in 2003 wishes to participate in the development of landscape ecology as a synthesizing science and disciplines directly connecting to it. Our journal provides opportunity for scientists to publish new results, to write publications in Hungarian and in other world languages, too. We are waiting for short communications that help scientists in scientific orientation.
publisher: Magyar Agrár- és Élettudományi Egyetem
language: en
publication name: JOURNAL OF LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY
issn: 1589-4673
copyright: A folyóirat Open Access (Gold). Cikkeire a Creative Commons 4.0 standard licenc alábbi típusa vonatkozik: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0. Ennek értelmében a mű szabadon másolható, terjeszthető, bemutatható és előadható, azonban nem használható fel kereskedelmi célokra (NC), továbbá nem módosítható és nem készíthető belőle átdolgozás, származékos mű (ND). A licenc alapján a szerző vagy a jogosult által meghatározott módon fel kell tüntetni a szerző nevét és a szerzői mű címét (BY).
items: Co-existence of protected plant species in dry grasslands
items: Orchid mycorrhizal fungal diversity of Orchis militaris habitats
items: Examination of Cadmium Uptake of Rye-Grass (Lolium Perenne) in Small Pot Experiment
items: Water-course sections – microclimate sections
items: The beginning of nature conservation history concerning the designation of protected areas
items: Methodological issues for composing the botanical programme of camps on knowledge of nature
items: Pasture management plan aiming nature conservation for the protection of the wooded pasture bbetween Pénzesgyőr and Hárskút
items: A dunabogdányi vadaskert vegetációjának változása 1783 és 2006 között
items: Landscape ecological and landscape typological investigations on the Tetves catchment
items: The effects of farmland composition and heterogeneity on the density of three farmland bird species in Hungary
items: The KIPA method for the assessment of land suitability
items: Natural environment – an environmental psychological approach
items: Land use and landscape value protection in the Hollókő World Heritage site and its surroundings
items: Microelement content studies in soils of dolomite grasslands and austrian pine plantations
items: Coenological investigations on grasslands managed by different cultivation methods in the South-Eastern part of the Hungarian Great Plain
items: The vegetation of the the Bátorliget mire reserve and its changes in the last 15 years
items: Complex (functional and structural) landscape ecology research in the border area of the Dél-Alföld Region
items: The effects of surface cover on phosphorous distribution over the slope
items: Erodibility measurements in the Tetves catchment using rainfall simulator
items: Detailed vegetation mapping in the Belső-Őrség region (Western Hungary)
items: Meteorology in service for landscape ecology
items: Overview and ecological inundation plan of the Tóvár Landscape Protection District
items: Analysis of fire-risk conditions in Pinus nigra stands by using McArthur’s model
items: Change of the vegetation on the Kántor kurgan and its relation with the soil water regime
items: History and current status of haymeadows along the stream Kerca: a case study for the scientific foundation of nature conservation treatments
items: The bird population of Tétényi-plateau in 2003–2004
items: Land evaluation for agricultural use of landscape units with different endowments using GIS (examples from SE-Transdanubia)
items: Quantitative survey on the aquatic vegetation of Friedberger Ach and Sós-ér water systems
items: Odd landscape elements: slag heaps in the region of Salgótarján (North Hungary)
items: A tájhasználat hatása az Őrség erdeire és termőhelyeikre

Co-existence of protected plant species in dry grasslands
type: item
description: The paper discusses co-existence of protected plant species growing in dry grasslands of the Carpathian Basin. Our approach is based on a hypothesis that the presence of a rare, protected species on a habitat can be considered as indicator for potential presence of some further rare species (having similar ecological requirements). Based on this „indicator hypothesis” we also believe that the given habitat can successfully support transplanted populations of the indicated species. So thus, this approach can be used for nature conservation operations, when species from threatened habitats need to be transplanted into a safe place. For demonstration purposes, the paper shows examples for co-existence of protected species at three different spatial scales, as follows: at landscape scale, at the scale of a 250 m by 250 m grid system survey and at the level of phytosociological relevés. In each case realised rates of co-existences and predicted rates of co- existences were compared (based on occurrence probabilities of individual protected species). Altogether, values related to 41 species pairs are listed in tables. Advantages and limitations of the proposed method are discussed.
subject: Tanulmányok, eredeti közlemények
  topic: section
subject: phytosociological scale
  topic: keywords
subject: probability of occurrences
  topic: keywords
subject: species co-existence
  topic: keywords
subject: dry grasslands
  topic: keywords
subject: rock grasslands
  topic: keywords
subject: landscape scale
  topic: keywords
subject: protected plants
  topic: keywords
creator: Péter Csontos
creator: István Isépy
creator: Júlia Tamás
creator: László Lőkös
rights: Copyright (c) 2007 Csontos Péter, Isépy István, Tamás Júlia, Lőkös László https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2007-12-28
publication date: 2007-12-28
starting page: 249
ending page: 260
doi: 10.56617/tl.4395

Orchid mycorrhizal fungal diversity of Orchis militaris habitats
type: item
description: We have investigated the symbionts of Orchis militaris and the fungal communities at some of the habitats of Orchis militaris. Symbiotic fungi were identified from orchid roots and from in situ germinated protocorms by molecular methods, based on the sequence of nrITS region. Four genus-like taxa of orchid mycorrhizal fungi could be identified from Orchis militaris: Epulorhiza I, Epulorhiza II, Ceratobasidium and Sebacina. This high fungal diversity can be in connection with Orchis militaris ability to live at diverse habitats. Assaying the fungi at some of the Orchis militaris habitats, the highest symbiotic fungal diversity was found at wetlands while dry and/or disturbed habitats showed the poorest diversity, only or mainly with Epulorhiza II symbionts. Comparing the symbionts of adult Orchis militaris plants and protocorms, we discovered, that the protocorms were infected only with Epulorhiza II fungi, while adult plants lived in symbiosis with more genera of orchid mycorrhizal fungi.
subject: Tanulmányok, eredeti közlemények
  topic: section
subject: orchid mycorrhiza
  topic: keywords
subject: specificity
  topic: keywords
subject: Epulorhiza
  topic: keywords
subject: protocorm
  topic: keywords
creator: Noémi Ouanphanivanh
creator: Zoltán Illyés
creator: Szabolcs Rudnóy
creator: Zoltán Bratek
rights: Copyright (c) 2007 Ouanphanivanh Noémi, Illyés Zoltán, Rudnóy Szabolcs, Bratek Zoltán https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2007-12-28
publication date: 2007-12-28
starting page: 325
ending page: 332
doi: 10.56617/tl.4406

Examination of Cadmium Uptake of Rye-Grass (Lolium Perenne) in Small Pot Experiment
type: item
description: There is a relevant effect on soil properties on the plant uptake of heavy metals. The plants show different reaction on these kind of loadings. Some species extinct at a certain amount of heavy metal concentration and others just accumulate them without any kind of visible sign. In this paper a cadmium loading were carried out (5 mg/kg) with zinc addition (5 mg/kg) in a small pot experiment with rye-grass (Lolium perenne). Soil samples were taken from 4 sites from ploughland, grass land and forest land use types. It was compared the accumulation characteristics of the two metals and analysed their interconnection with the soil properties. It was detected that although, the difference between the zinc and cadmium load of the soils compared to the metal content of the soil is about 500 times (1/10 in the case of zinc and 50 times in the case of cadmium) the difference in the plant uptake is only 4–7 times. There is a close correlation between the zinc and cadmium uptake of plants and the cadmium concentration of soils plays an important role in it. Zinc shows positive correlation while cadmium exhibits negative correlation with organic matter. This can be explained by that zinc prefers fulvous acids when forming readily solvable chelats while cadmium bonds to more complexly polymerized humus material with longer carbon chain. Therefore zinc is solved even by root acids in contrast to cadmium that can be solved only by stronger acids. Besides organic colloids inorganic colloids i.e. clay fraction also showed close correlation.
subject: Tanulmányok, eredeti közlemények
  topic: section
subject: small pot
  topic: keywords
subject: heavy metals
  topic: keywords
subject: rye-grass
  topic: keywords
subject: zinc
  topic: keywords
subject: cadmium
  topic: keywords
subject: plant uptake of heavy metals
  topic: keywords
creator: Szilárd Szabó
creator: László Hangyel
creator: Csaba Ágoston
rights: Copyright (c) 2007 Szabó Szilárd, Hangyel László, Ágoston Csaba https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2007-12-28
publication date: 2007-12-28
starting page: 271
ending page: 286
doi: 10.56617/tl.5832

Water-course sections – microclimate sections
type: item
description: In case of water-courses, different sections are usually distinguished. Based on it, in this study the microclimatic changes of individual sections are analysed and system of microclimatic sections belonging to the individual sections is established by bringing these references to one system. Knowledge and use of atmospheric physical condition belonging to the given section is essential to interpret and to distinguish the different water-course sections.
subject: Tanulmányok, eredeti közlemények
  topic: section
subject: microclimatology
  topic: keywords
subject: surface effect
  topic: keywords
subject: shadow effect
  topic: keywords
subject: material and energy transport
  topic: keywords
subject: water-course sections
  topic: keywords
creator: Gábor Loksa
rights: Copyright (c) 2007 Loksa Gábor https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2007-12-28
publication date: 2007-12-28
starting page: 381
ending page: 386
doi: 10.56617/tl.4413

The beginning of nature conservation history concerning the designation of protected areas
type: item
description: The history of nature conservation of the world provides us numerous lessons for handling nature conservation areas in the present, dramatically fast changing world. The official beginning of nature conservation is 1872 when Yellowstone National Park was established. At the beginning, especially in the 20th century, the designation of the natural areas happened slowly but increasing number of countries joined and founded protected areas. In the present we wish to continue our previous article, introducing the foundation of protected lands from the beginning of the year before the First World War until The Great Depression. Examined data refers to the protected lands included in IUCN database and categorized by the IUCN categories.
subject: Áttekintő tanulmányok
  topic: section
subject: nature conservation
  topic: keywords
subject: history
  topic: keywords
subject: world
  topic: keywords
subject: protected areas
  topic: keywords
subject: First World War
  topic: keywords
creator: Csaba Centeri
creator: Ferenc Gyulai
creator: Károly Penksza
rights: Copyright (c) 2007 Centeri Csaba, Gyulai Ferenc, Penksza Károly https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2007-07-18
publication date: 2007-07-18
starting page: 5
ending page: 11
doi: 10.56617/tl.4356

Methodological issues for composing the botanical programme of camps on knowledge of nature
type: item
description: The „Süni” (Hedgehog) summer camps on knowledge of nature, organised by Pangea Cultural and Environmental Association for children between 8 and 18, are effective means of environmental education. Structure and methods of botanical special programmes of camps organised between 1996 and 2006 are presented. Most important aim of these programmes is to create direct connections between children and nature by making them get experiences on elements and phenomena of nature from different dimensions, while improving their skills on cooperation. Methods for the familiarization of phytoanatomy, -taxonomy, -geography, coenology, ecology and especially medicinal herbs and their effects are presented within the draft syllabus given for preparing the botanical programme of camps in parallel with aims to be achieved and its possibilities during the excursions. The main aim is to create as many connections between children and flora as possible, in order to make them recognize the diversity and investigate in further exploration as well as create a claim for the preservation of living beings as being adults.
subject: Áttekintő tanulmányok
  topic: section
subject: environmental education
  topic: keywords
subject: knowledge of nature
  topic: keywords
subject: camp
  topic: keywords
subject: botanical studies
  topic: keywords
creator: Ákos Malatinszky
rights: Copyright (c) 2007 Malatinszky Ákos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2007-07-18
publication date: 2007-07-18
starting page: 13
ending page: 18
doi: 10.56617/tl.4358

Pasture management plan aiming nature conservation for the protection of the wooded pasture bbetween Pénzesgyőr and Hárskút
type: item
description: The wooded pasture between Pénzesgyőr and Hárskút (abandoned in the 1990’s) was deserved. Based on the examination of the past and present state, a management plan aiming a landscape and habitat protection was prepared. The basis of this plan is the extensive grazing, because this was the dominant land use before. Nature conservation played a central role during the planning, because there are numerous protected plant and animal species on the examined area. The habitat of these species became endangered with the abandonment of the area 15 years ago. Lack of grazing gave way to natural succession processes. Authors’ plan wishes to show (in theory) how is it possible to farm on a sustainable way together with the neighboring settlements on a forgotten farming land.
subject: Tanulmányok, eredeti közlemények
  topic: section
subject: habitat protection
  topic: keywords
subject: nature conservation pasture management
  topic: keywords
subject: extensive animal husbandry
  topic: keywords
creator: Árpád Kenéz
creator: László Szemán
creator: Máté Szabó
creator: Dénes Saláta
creator: Ákos Malatinszky
creator: Károly Penksza
creator: László Breuer
rights: Copyright (c) 2007 Kenéz Árpád, Szemán László, Szabó Máté, Saláta Dénes, Malatinszky Ákos, Penksza Károly, Breuer László https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2007-07-18
publication date: 2007-07-18
starting page: 35
ending page: 41
doi: 10.56617/tl.4361

A dunabogdányi vadaskert vegetációjának változása 1783 és 2006 között
type: item
description: A dunabogdányi Vadaskert területén a 18. század közepétől egészen az 1950-es évekig szőlő- és gyümölcstermesztés folyt. A termelés felhagyása után másodlagos gyepek alakultak ki, melyek visszaerdősülése ma már sok helyen tapasztalható. A Vadaskert területe az 1980-as évek végétől lezárt, ettől kezdve igen népes vadállomány él itt, melynek hatására az erdősülési folyamatok csaknem mindenütt jelentősen lelassultak. A ma jellemző folyamatok megértéséhez és jellemzéséhez mindenképpen ismernünk kell a terület múltját. Mivel azonban részletes botanikai felmérés még nem készült, így a korábbi állapotok vizsgálatához a beszerezhető térképszelvényeket és légifelvételeket kellett felhasználnunk. Így vált lehetségessé a terület múltjának rekonstrukciója egészen 1783-ig. Munkánk során rögzítettük a Vadaskert élőhely-foltjainak állapotát, elkészítettük az egyes foltok fajlistáit, és megrajzoltuk a mai állapot vegetációtérképét, melynél természetesen komoly segítséget jelentettek a rendelkezésre álló modern térképszelvények és légifelvételek is. E mellett került sor a régi térképek vizsgálatára is. Az elkészült térképsor elemzésekor meghatároztuk az előforduló vegetációtípusok területarányának változását is. Ez a következő fontosabb eredményekkel szolgált. Jól látható, hogy a területen a művelésbe vonás, azaz a németek 18. századi betelepítése előtt nagyrészt erdők – feltételezhetően gyertyános-tölgyesek – voltak jelen. Ezt követően kiterjedt szőlőkultúra figyelhető meg, mely azonban az 1950-es évekre fokozatosan eltűnik, a szőlők helyén pedig számos értékes fajt is tartalmazó másodlagos gyepek jöttek létre. Ezt követően napjainkig folyamatos a gyertyános-tölgyes visszatelepülése nem csak a gyepterületek rovására, hanem a Csepri-hegy telepített erdeifenyvese területén is. Komoly problémát okoz azonban két idegenhonos fafaj, az akác (Robinia pseudoacacia) és a bálványfa (Ailanthus altissima) terjeszkedése, valamint a fokozott vadrágás-taposás is.
subject: Tanulmányok, eredeti közlemények
  topic: section
subject: Dunabogdány
  topic: keywords
subject: vadaskert
  topic: keywords
subject: Len-hegy
  topic: keywords
subject: vegetációtérkép
  topic: keywords
subject: tájtörténet
  topic: keywords
creator: Ferenc Hock
creator: Zoltán Tóth
rights: Copyright (c) 2007 Hock Ferenc, Tóth Zoltán https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2007-07-18
publication date: 2007-07-18
starting page: 73
ending page: 89
doi: 10.56617/tl.4364

Landscape ecological and landscape typological investigations on the Tetves catchment
type: item
description: As the importance of nature and environmental protection has become an important issue recently, the question of natural resources came into limelight as well. The fundamental interests of nature and environmental protection are not obvious for everyone, although the protection of natural resources is strongly connected with serious economical interests. The regulations of the protection and of sustainable use of soil, water and mineral resources are permanent problems, caused by conflicts with economic interests and with efforts to make quick profit or by simple negligence. To save these values it is essential to know the area very well and for land use and landscape planning the exact knowledge of natural resources is of primary importance. Most precious natural resources of Hungary are the soil and, because of its turistical attraction, the landscape itself. The situation is the same in case of the study area, the catchment of the Tetves stream: the main incomes of population are agriculture and tourism, the latter mainly because of the touristic attraction of the Lake Balaton. The methods of physical geography and its synthetizing attitude are highly suitable for a complex investigation of the environment and for the protection of natural resources. The landscape in its entity and the protection of its values can not be investigated successfully without applying the methods of physical geography and landscape ecology. As a consequence of this, landscape protection, nature protection, landscape planning and land use planning have to supported also by physico-geographical and landscape ecological research. Landscape types of the Tetves catchment are as follows: I. Floodplain landscape types: Floodplain under permanent influence of water, with original riparian vegetation; Alluvial plain (valley bottom) with fluvisol, meadow or pasture; Alluvial plain (valley bottom) with fluvisol, arable land; Alluvial plain (valley bottom) with fluvisol, forest; Alluvial plain (v…
subject: Tanulmányok, eredeti közlemények
  topic: section
subject: landscape ecology
  topic: keywords
subject: landscape typology
  topic: keywords
subject: habitats
  topic: keywords
subject: landscape architecture
  topic: keywords
subject: sustainable land use
  topic: keywords
subject: small catchment
  topic: keywords
creator: Adrienn Tóth
creator: Zoltán Szalai
rights: Copyright (c) 2007 Tóth Adrienn, Szalai Zoltán https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2007-07-18
publication date: 2007-07-18
starting page: 131
ending page: 142
doi: 10.56617/tl.4368

The effects of farmland composition and heterogeneity on the density of three farmland bird species in Hungary
type: item
description: The intensification of agriculture and change in the landscape may cause severe decline in farmland bird populations. Our primary goal was to examine the effects of farmland management and landscape composition and structure on the relative density of Skylark (Alauda arvensis), Tree Sparrow (Passer montanus) and Corn Bunting (Miliaria calandra). The common bird monitoring (MMM) was started in 1999 in Hungary, covering all major habitat types. We used this database for our analysis. The other database, that we used is the CORINE 1:50,000 Land Cover Map. We examined the effects of agricultural habitats (for example large arable fields, natural grasslands with trees and scrubs, small scale vineyards, homesteads, fruit and berry orchards), the number of patches and length of edges on the relative densities of the three species. Our results show that the habitat preference is species specific. Skylark strongly prefers large open habitats. The density of Corn Bunting correlated with the natural grasslands without trees and scrubs. The Tree Sparrow preferred small scale vineyards, and the large arable fields. We suggest that further information on the habitat preferences of these species are needed for their effective protection on farmland in Hungary.
subject: Tanulmányok, eredeti közlemények
  topic: section
creator: Sarolta Erdős
creator: Tibor Szép
creator: András Báldi
creator: Károly Nagy
rights: Copyright (c) 2007 Erdős Sarolta, Szép Tibor, Báldi András, Nagy Károly https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2007-07-18
publication date: 2007-07-18
starting page: 161
ending page: 172
doi: 10.56617/tl.4371

The KIPA method for the assessment of land suitability
type: item
description: In order to review the regions and determine the land use categories of the National Spatial Plan (NSP), a land- use survey was carried out. This allowed us to conduct a study towards improving the methodology of area function and area suitability analyses. Setting the suitability of lands for arable production as an example, this paper presents the potential of the so-called KIPA-method in the field of land assessment. Being based on experts’ strategies, KIPA is suitable for ranking complex systems. Our KIPA-analysis studied fields (areas) with different environmental variables. The analysis ranked these different areas on the basis of their suitability to the production of various (in this study: five) arable crops. Environmental variables, weighed according to experts’ opinion were the basis of the KIPA-analysis, which involved the composite comparison of the studied areas. In order to evaluate and rank the areas, we calculated the difference between preference (advantage) and incompetence (disadvantage) figures for each area per each environmental variable. The studied areas (area- variables) were classified and evaluated according to their ranking in the before-mentioned analysis. These field studies resulted in helping us to determine what would the qualifications of the rating ‘high-quality arable land’ be in the context of NSP.
subject: Tanulmányok, eredeti közlemények
  topic: section
subject: land assessment
  topic: keywords
subject: experts’ system
  topic: keywords
subject: Guilford-method
  topic: keywords
subject: KIPA-method
  topic: keywords
subject: area-variables
  topic: keywords
creator: Krisztián Schneller
creator: László Podmaniczky
rights: Copyright (c) 2007 Schneller Krisztián, Podmaniczky László https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2007-07-18
publication date: 2007-07-18
starting page: 173
ending page: 188
doi: 10.56617/tl.4372

Natural environment – an environmental psychological approach
type: item
description: Distinction of the natural and built environment is the basis of several environmental psychological theories. One of the main characteristics of these theories is that — in different ways —, they can be related closely to considerations of other fields of psychology, e.g., health psychology and life-quality studies. In the psychology of natural environment researchers make scientific investigations in two areas: attitudes (evaluative relationships, e.g., place satisfaction of people, nature protection, environmental problems), and preferences. Environmental preferences are studied typically from an evolutional viewpoint: according to the theories the actual landscape-preferences had developed because of their adaptivity. The essence of these preferences is the green-experience. The results of these environmental psychological investigations make us understand the role of natural environment in human relaxational and recreational behavior.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: környezetpszichológia
  topic: keywords
subject: természetes/épített környezet
  topic: keywords
subject: természetélmény
  topic: keywords
subject: környezeti/természeti attitűdök
  topic: keywords
subject: természetvédelem
  topic: keywords
subject: ökopszichológia
  topic: keywords
subject: környezeti preferenciák
  topic: keywords
creator: Andrea Dúll
creator: Zsuzsanna Dósa
rights: Copyright (c) 2005 Dúll Andrea, Dósa Zsuzsanna https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2005-07-16
publication date: 2005-07-16
starting page: 19
ending page: 25
doi: 10.56617/tl.4506

Land use and landscape value protection in the Hollókő World Heritage site and its surroundings
type: item
description: The aims of the researches of the Dept. of Landscape Preservation and Reclamation carried out in Hollókő between 2002 and 2004 were: status review of the landscape characteristics and values; exploration and documentation of the environmental endowments determining landscape character; analysis of the exceptionally beautiful landscape scenery; exploration of the environmental problems and the conceptional determination of the landscaping tasks and management zones. The landscape elements worth for environmental interpretation within the World Heritage Site and adjacent surroundings were investigated in three categories: natural and semi natural plant associates; geological, geomorphologic and hydrological values; cultural-historical values. Plant associates, in one hand, worth for legal protection because of their rarity and scientific significance, in the other hand, of those characteristics for that landscape structure were investigated and valuated. Among the evaluated geoheritage, andesite vein of Hollókő, exposure of andesite and sand in the abandoned quarries, the streams and their springs are worth for environmental interpretation. The cultural-historical values were typified as water management relics, agricultural land use relics and quarrying relics. Important part of the researches was the scenic analyses of the landscape around Hollókő. During this investigation, primary and secondary scenic boundaries were determined, as well as landscape scenery. As a result, proposals were given for the management zones of the World Heritage Site and its neighbourhood.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: World Heritage
  topic: keywords
subject: wooded pasture
  topic: keywords
subject: landscape preservation
  topic: keywords
subject: scenic analysis
  topic: keywords
creator: Péter Csima
creator: Attila Gergely
creator: Gábor Kiss
rights: Copyright (c) 2005 Csima Péter, Gergely Attila, Kiss Gábor https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2005-07-16
publication date: 2005-07-16
starting page: 37
ending page: 50
doi: 10.56617/tl.4508

Microelement content studies in soils of dolomite grasslands and austrian pine plantations
type: item
description: Soil microelement content of closed dolomite grassland (ZG) and Pinus nigra Arn. plantation (FF) of north facing slopes were compared. At FF sites the original vegetation was ZG prior to afforestation. For each vegetation type 5 sampling sites were selected in the Buda Mts., Hungary. At each sites soil samples were taken from three depths (0–5 cm, 5–10 cm and 10–15 cm) then transported to the laboratory. Microelement concentrations of the corresponding soil layers of the two vegetation types were statistically analyzed (t-test). Number of microelements showing significant differences in their concentrations was increased with soil depth. At the deepest layer (10–15 cm) significant differences were found for 10 microelements (Pb, Al, Cd, Sr, Fe, Ba, Zn, Co, Ni, Mn) and their concentrations were always higher in the pine plantation. Values exceeding the limits of background concentrations were found for lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in three and four cases, respectively. Surprisingly, in case of FF sites these airborne trace-element pollutants showed concentrations higher at depth 10–15 cm than at depth 5–10 cm. Concentrations of some further trace-elements showed similar inversion at FF sites, but their amounts did not exceed limits of background concentrations. Possible causes of the observed differences between soils of grassland and pine plantation sites were discussed.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Buda Hills
  topic: keywords
subject: dolomite
  topic: keywords
subject: microelement content
  topic: keywords
subject: Pinus nigra
  topic: keywords
subject: rock grassland
  topic: keywords
subject: soil analyses
  topic: keywords
subject: soil pollution
  topic: keywords
creator: András Halbritter
creator: Júlia Tamás
creator: Attila Anton
creator: Nikolett Uzinger
rights: Copyright (c) 2005 Halbritter András, Tamás Júlia, Anton Attila, Uzinger Nikolett https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2005-07-16
publication date: 2005-07-16
starting page: 63
ending page: 73
doi: 10.56617/tl.4512

Coenological investigations on grasslands managed by different cultivation methods in the South-Eastern part of the Hungarian Great Plain
type: item
description: Sample plots considered as the threesubassociations of Salvio-Festucetum rupicolae association by multivariate analysis are evaluated as well. The results show that considered as the samples of uniform stands of that association are highly separated from each other. The sample plots of dominance of Koeleria cristata extremely separate from the plots of stands of Festuca rupicola and Festuca valesiacae. These plots of Festuca rupicola and Festuca valesiacae stands are separated, also. This observation probably helps the identification of these spots. Consequently of the results of of our examinations the abundances and dominances of Festuca species are decisive for constractions and coenological differences of loess grass stands.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: grazing
  topic: keywords
subject: mowing
  topic: keywords
subject: association
  topic: keywords
subject: Festuca rupicola
  topic: keywords
subject: Festuca valesiaca
  topic: keywords
subject: Koeleria cristata
  topic: keywords
creator: Edina Herczeg
creator: Ákos Pottyondy
creator: Károly Penksza
rights: Copyright (c) 2005 Herczeg Edina, Pottyondy Ákos, Penksza Károly https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2005-07-16
publication date: 2005-07-16
starting page: 75
ending page: 82
doi: 10.56617/tl.4513

The vegetation of the the Bátorliget mire reserve and its changes in the last 15 years
type: item
description: The Bátorliget Mire Reserve is located 15 km East of the city Nyírbátor in the Nyírség Region, NE-Hungary. It is one of the oldest nature reserves in Hungary, and its vegetation map was prepared several times, most recently in 1989. The aim of this study was to survey the actual state of the vegetation and to asses its changes during the last 15 years. Based on recent aerial photographs and field surveys a digital vegetation map was prepared for the Reserve by using geoinformatic softwares (Erdas Imagine 8.6 and ArcView GIS 3.0). Each vegetation type was given a detailed description. Phytosociological relevès were recorded in those vegetation types where such study was conducted during our previous research at the site in 1990. The most typical vegetation types are willow swamps, birch swamps, marshes, tufted sedge communities, wet and dry meadows, oak-ash-elm gallery forests, sandy pedunculate oak - silver lime forests and black locust stands. In the last 15 years vegetation succession accelerated as habitat water regime gradually became less favourable for water demanding vegetation, nutrients accumulated, and invasive species and other weeds became more abundant. As a result of these, former wet meadows of highest conservation value turned into homogenous tufted sedge communities dominated by Carex acutiformis and/or Carex riparia. These changes are unambiguously shown by the repeated phytocoenological sampling as well. The area of wet meadows decreased in this period mostly due to spontaneous forest regeneration in the absence of proper grassland management. In the shrub layer of the sandy oak forests the black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) became dominant. No change was detected in hardwood gallery forests and in birch swamps.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Bátorliget
  topic: keywords
subject: vegetation mapping
  topic: keywords
subject: nature conservation
  topic: keywords
creator: Flóra Tinya
creator: Zoltán Tóth
rights: Copyright (c) 2005 Tinya Flóra, Tóth Zoltán https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2005-07-16
publication date: 2005-07-16
starting page: 99
ending page: 117
doi: 10.56617/tl.4515

Complex (functional and structural) landscape ecology research in the border area of the Dél-Alföld Region
type: item
description: Nowadays, the main aim of the landscape research is that how a land use type of a given area suits with the land capability and what sort of social activities can be placed with the minimum risk. Human are – as determinative factors of the landscape – have more and more influence on the function and shape of the landscape. The goal of the research is to explore the antropogen-technogen process in the landscape that chose by the aspect of the nature-society interaction and also to get to know the structure and function of the landscape. The researched area is a part of the Körös-Maros National Park and it can be found in the North of the park, near the village called Biharugra. It is also important to mention because of its bird and wildlife habitat. The area is protected since 1997. As the above mentioned area is a periphery rural and border landscape, it is important in terms of the land use and also means peculiar function for both side of the border, such as: environmental awareness and environmental conflicts to be handled for those who live there, to harmonize the development of agrarian and rural landscape with the environment protection and nature conversation and how the natural state of the settlement effects the wider surrounding areas. Using of the landscape particularly we must pay attention to protecting the nature, which means conscious use of landscape. The most adequate land use can be carried out by the principles of environmental management and the sustainable development. This study tries to specify the present state of the landscape ecology of the researched area and gives some help for the nature conservation and landscape planning in handling the main guidelines in the future. Our aim is to introduce some problems of the land use by geoecological methods. There is a possibility to enlarge the nature conservation borders by using the results of the research and the unified European network of green corridors could be established (NATURA 2000). C…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: landscape ecology
  topic: keywords
subject: landuse
  topic: keywords
subject: biodiversity
  topic: keywords
subject: geoecological mapping
  topic: keywords
subject: ecotope function
  topic: keywords
subject: nature protection funktion
  topic: keywords
creator: Balázs Duray
creator: Zoltán Hegedűs
rights: Copyright (c) 2005 Duray Balázs, Hegedűs Zoltán https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2005-07-16
publication date: 2005-07-16
starting page: 133
ending page: 153
doi: 10.56617/tl.4517

The effects of surface cover on phosphorous distribution over the slope
type: item
description: Soil is one of the most important component of the landscape and thus its protection has high priority not only in environmental but in landscape and nature protection as well. Eroded soil material carries humus and important fertilizers from our arable lands. 9 kg*ha-1*y-1 N, 5,5 kg*ha-1*y-1 P and 6,6 kg*ha-1*y-1 K can be lost due to erosion and can induce problems in the soils and waters of remote areas. Our target areas were at Somogybabod, Kisbabod, Alsószuha and Galgahévíz. We examined the distribution of P2O5 and soil organic matter under different plant covers (arable land – corn, potato, cereals, vegetated fallow, alfalfa, Acacia forest and orchards), under different slope sections. Laboratory experiments were done according to the regulations at the Szent István University, Dept. of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Chemistry. It is obvious, according to the results that corn and potato can not provide necessary protection against phosphorous loss. The other plant covers have better results. Based on the results it is possible to prepare a guidebook for farmers to help them calculating the necessary amount and placing of P2O5 fertilizer and to chose the plant that provide the necessary cover to protect soils form phosphorous loss. Fertilizing with only the necessary amount of P2O5 fertilizer, it is possible to reduce the pollution of surface and subsurface waters and the inputs of arable farming. With the improvement of life quality and conditions, the viability of the landscape can be increased and thus more attractive for those, searching for a place for living.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: erosion
  topic: keywords
subject: fertilizer use
  topic: keywords
subject: phosphorus
  topic: keywords
subject: soil protection
  topic: keywords
creator: Csaba Centeri
creator: Alexandra Császár
rights: Copyright (c) 2005 Centeri Csaba, Császár Alexandra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2005-07-16
publication date: 2005-07-16
starting page: 119
ending page: 131
doi: 10.56617/tl.4516

Erodibility measurements in the Tetves catchment using rainfall simulator
type: item
description: The catchment of Tetves Stream belongs to the basin of Lake Balaton. The total area of the catchment is 100,2 km2. The south border of the watershed is a valley divide, which is usual in these meridional valleys. The total length of the main bed of the stream, is 25.1 km, the flow direction is south-north. The stream reaches the Lake next to the eastern part of Balatonlelle. The elevation of the watershed is between 105 and 302 m above sea level. The upper part has high relief energy and several gullies, while the lower part is flat. Within the research four standardized plots were established to measure the erosion under natural rainfall events. The influence of fluctuation of the annual precipitation can be reduced with the increasing period of measurement. The soil protection role of different agrotechnics and plant cover can be measured as well because of the four plots and the relatively long period of investigation. The data of erodibility from this project are peculiar to the investigated soil, slope angle and shape, plant cover etc. To extend the validity of these data the authors tried to find a method, which can be used in any combination of the environmental factors, is fast and the results are comparable. Rainfall simulation is suitable for these requirements, and can be used almost anywhere, where the steepness of the slope is not higher than 30%, and the vegetation does not exceed the height of 3 m. With this method the investigated precipitation event can be repeated anywhere and anytime, that is why the results are comparable. This paper reports, whether the application of this method is suitable in this case. In the study the Pannon-R02 rainfall simulator was used.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Rainfall simulator
  topic: keywords
subject: runoff
  topic: keywords
subject: particle size distribution of sediment
  topic: keywords
subject: K factor
  topic: keywords
creator: Gergely Jakab
creator: Zoltán Szalai
rights: Copyright (c) 2005 Jakab Gergely, Szalai Zoltán https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2005-07-16
publication date: 2005-07-16
starting page: 177
ending page: 189
doi: 10.56617/tl.4538

Detailed vegetation mapping in the Belső-Őrség region (Western Hungary)
type: item
description: The vegetation was mapped in fine detail in the Belső-Őrség region (Western Hungary) at five localities where habitats had been preserved in a close-to-natural state and also support high species richness. Our aims were the precise documentation of the current status of vegetation and 2) the study of ongoing successional processes. This report gives a general description of the areas investigated, the summary of methods used for the preparation of the eight-section-sized vegetation map and for the mapping of populations of protected plant species. The vegetation units distinguished are also characterized in detail.
subject: Eredeti cikkek
  topic: section
subject: vegetation mapping
  topic: keywords
subject: nature conservation
  topic: keywords
subject: Belső-Őrség
  topic: keywords
creator: Zoltán Tóth
creator: Erzsébet Szurdoki
rights: Copyright (c) 2004 Tóth Zoltán, Szurdoki Erzsébet https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2004-07-27
publication date: 2004-07-27
starting page: 77
ending page: 107
doi: 10.56617/tl.4585

Meteorology in service for landscape ecology
type: item
description: Landscape ecology has always been a multidisciplinary science. The quality of the researches is determined not only by the complex and special approaches but by the punctuality of the special approach and the proper scientifical methods. It is true in case of meteorology, too. In the present work we would like to give an overview in this correlation
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: microclimatology
  topic: keywords
subject: comparability
  topic: keywords
subject: production site
  topic: keywords
subject: landscape roaming
  topic: keywords
subject: botanical survey
  topic: keywords
creator: Gábor Loksa
rights: Copyright (c) 2004 Loksa Gábor https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2004-12-27
publication date: 2004-12-27
starting page: 195
ending page: 199
doi: 10.56617/tl.4593

Overview and ecological inundation plan of the Tóvár Landscape Protection District
type: item
description: The target area has special conservation value and increased threat of inland inundations in our small landscape unit of Bereg. The significant inland inundations of last years called public’s attention. After these inundations there were possibilities to apply for funds in ministries to solve the same and similar inland inundation problems. The problem of inland inundation might be solved by the result of these tenders but the protection of conservation values remained in the background. The present work would like to call attention on the importance of the cooperation between nature protection and water management. In order to solve the ecological problems of the Ukrainian Tóvár Landscape Protection District I suggest an ecological inundation plan. It would cease the cause of disappearance of birds and plants and to make a chance for the reintroduction of these species. The ecological inundation plan was based on the network of the Bereg inland water system and on the methods of integrated water management.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: inland water system
  topic: keywords
subject: ecological problem
  topic: keywords
subject: integrated water management
  topic: keywords
subject: ecological purpose inundation plan
  topic: keywords
creator: Szabolcs Kállai
rights: Copyright (c) 2004 Kállai Szabolcs https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2004-12-27
publication date: 2004-12-27
starting page: 211
ending page: 218
doi: 10.56617/tl.4595

Analysis of fire-risk conditions in Pinus nigra stands by using McArthur’s model
type: item
description: Austrian pine (Pinus nigra Arn.), an alien conifer in Hungary, forms highly flammable vegetation type due to the accumulation of needle litter. The flammability of these forests was indicated by the frequent fire events in Dunazug Mountains during the latest decades. The fire-risk relations in Dunazug Mountains were examined by using of McArthur’s empirical model. If the amount of fuel, temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, degree of slope and drought factor are known, the fire danger index (FDI; which is the probability of combustion), flame height, rate of spread and spotting distance can be calculated. The actual value of drought factor was determined from the amount of last precipitation, the days since last rain and the Byram-Keetch Drought Index (BKDI). It is known from our previous studies that the fuel reaches a maximum mass in the stand age class 60–80 years, therefore forest fires are expected mainly in this age class. BKDI values were already known from our previous studies for years between 1993 and 2002. To analyse the daily maximum and the annual trend of drought factor we used the daily BKDI values and daily rainfall had fixed at Budapest-Lőrinc meteorological station from 1993 to 2002. The mean value of drought factor was five from January to May then began to increase in early June, showing its maximum (value 8) in August and September. Later the drought factor decreased continuously till the end of November, when it stabilized at value five. During the most droughty year (2000) the drought factor reached the highest possible value (10) in six decades. It was also examined how the changing meteorological factors affect the fire-risk relations. One factor among six (amount of fuel, temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, degree of slope and drought factor) was changed within an appointed interval (while the other five parameters were kept constant) and its result on the four outgrowths of the model (FDI, flame height, rate of spread, spotti…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: forest fire
  topic: keywords
subject: Austrian pine
  topic: keywords
subject: flame height
  topic: keywords
subject: drought factor
  topic: keywords
subject: rate of spread
  topic: keywords
subject: fire danger index
  topic: keywords
subject: spotting distance
  topic: keywords
creator: Imre Cseresnyés
creator: Péter Csontos
rights: Copyright (c) 2004 Cseresnyés Imre, Csontos Péter https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2004-12-27
publication date: 2004-12-27
starting page: 231
ending page: 252
doi: 10.56617/tl.4597

Change of the vegetation on the Kántor kurgan and its relation with the soil water regime
type: item
description: The vegetation has undergone visible changes on the Kántor kurgan near Szentes. Two samples were taken (in 2000 and 2004). Transects were examined in quadrates on three strips of the vegetation types. Along with the examination of the vegetation, actual soil moisture content was measured. Correlation was found between the relative water demand of the plants and the actual soil moisture content of the soil. The Agropyro-Kochietum prostratae (Zólyomi 1958) association with Agropyron pectiniforme and Kochia prostrata species was on the drier areas and it conquested the grassy part of the kurgan. It seems that the vegetation followed the drier period quite fast and in a flexible way.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: vegetation change
  topic: keywords
subject: soil mositure
  topic: keywords
subject: transect examination
  topic: keywords
creator: Márton Vona
creator: Károly Penksza
rights: Copyright (c) 2004 Vona Márton, Penksza Károly https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2004-12-27
publication date: 2004-12-27
starting page: 341
ending page: 348
doi: 10.56617/tl.4604

History and current status of haymeadows along the stream Kerca: a case study for the scientific foundation of nature conservation treatments
type: item
description: Traditionally managed haymeadows once were common in the valley of the stream Kerca (south of the village Kercaszomor, Belső-Őrség region, Western Hungary). By today most of these had been replaced by a mosaic of grassland, shrub and forest patches as a result of secondary forest succession. This work calls the attention that the assessment of the current state of (semi)natural habitats is not sufficient in itself for the planning of nature conservation maintenance treatments, but an adequate understanding of vegetation history and previous land use patterns are also necessary. Almost without exception haymeadows in this region are of secondary origin that have been maintained through extensive land use by locals. A chronological sequence of land use forms in the past 100–150 years that may be responsible for the current status of the vegetation should always be considered in addition to the precise appraisal of the present state of plant cover. On the example of haymeadows along the stream Kerca I show how past events may influence the current and future states of vegetation. Awareness of these is inevitable for the proper, site-specific planning and implementation of nature management treatments for conservation. Furthermore, routine habitat maintenance treatments should be accompanied by controlled experimentation on different sorts of treatments in order to achieve a scientifically based management and restoration.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: landscape history
  topic: keywords
subject: traditional hay-making agriculture
  topic: keywords
subject: habitat maintenance
  topic: keywords
subject: nature conservation
  topic: keywords
creator: Zoltán Tóth
rights: Copyright (c) 2004 Tóth Zoltán https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2004-12-27
publication date: 2004-12-27
starting page: 313
ending page: 339
doi: 10.56617/tl.4603

The bird population of Tétényi-plateau in 2003–2004
type: item
description: The bird population of Tétényi-plateau researched by the author in the year 2003-2004. The total number of species recorded were 95 in the period of research (33 breeder, 21 potentionally breeder, 10 common migrant, 10 common wintering vagrant and 21 rare vagrant). The plateau seems to be rich in birds, so it is worth continuing and extending the research in the future.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: protecetd area
  topic: keywords
subject: bird population
  topic: keywords
creator: Zoltán Bajor
rights: Copyright (c) 2004 Bajor Zoltán https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2004-12-27
publication date: 2004-12-27
starting page: 365
ending page: 370
doi: 10.56617/tl.4606

Land evaluation for agricultural use of landscape units with different endowments using GIS (examples from SE-Transdanubia)
type: item
description: A GIS model for land evaluation developed by author is applied to a group of landscapes in Southeast-Transdanubia. The lowland and low hill areas where the physical conditions are best for farming are identified. In the study area an expansion of farming has been observed for several centuries and a similar trend is also predicted for the future. Mountains and higher levels of hill regions favour forestry and less dissected surfaces for meadow and pasture economy. The latter are also suitable for small-scale vineyard and orchard cultivation by smallholders with a low level of mechanization but large-level use for these purposes is hardly feasible. Author proposes that the proportion of arable land should be reduced to a minimum value in these landscapes.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: land evaluation
  topic: keywords
subject: GIS
  topic: keywords
creator: Péter Gyenizse
rights: Copyright (c) 2004 Gyenizse Péter https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2004-12-27
publication date: 2004-12-27
starting page: 349
ending page: 364
doi: 10.56617/tl.4605

Quantitative survey on the aquatic vegetation of Friedberger Ach and Sós-ér water systems
type: item
description: Macrophyte vegetation of the Friedberger Ach, the Forellenbach, the Höhgraben and the Hörgelaugraben was mapped in 2001 for the seventh time. Running waters of the German Friedberger Ach have been followed with attention by surveying every 4–5 years for the last 32 years. Characterisation of the water vegetation with the Kohler-method (1978) has begun in 1972. We made the quantitative evaluation connected with mapping with the Kohler-Janauer method (1995). We also adopted the Kohler-method for the exploration of the macrophytic vegetation in Sós-ér (V. Canal), which flows in the Kiskunság area. What we were asking was whether the method is also suitable for characterisation of anthropogenic canals. The same methodology and data processing guarantees that changes of the vegetation in time are the same and also in different running waters are comparable. The Kohler-method can be used universally and based on our present surveying we can declare that it is applicable not only for the analysis of macrophytes in natural running waters but for characterisation of the vegetation in man-made canals. The method is also suitable for the EU Water Framework Directive, because it is simple, quick and it could provide reliable data for the determination of the reference waters.
subject: Eredeti cikkek
  topic: section
subject: waterplant
  topic: keywords
subject: makrophyte
  topic: keywords
subject: Kohler-method
  topic: keywords
subject: Danube-Tisza interfluve
  topic: keywords
subject: canal
  topic: keywords
creator: Eszter Falusi
creator: Virág K. Sipos
creator: Károly Penksza
creator: Alexander Kohler
rights: Copyright (c) 2004 Falusi Eszter, Sipos Virág K., Penksza Károly, Alexander Kohler https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2004-07-27
publication date: 2004-07-27
starting page: 159
ending page: 172
doi: 10.56617/tl.4588

Odd landscape elements: slag heaps in the region of Salgótarján (North Hungary)
type: item
description: The industrial works of the town of Salgótarján, a centre of heavy industry during the socialist regime, have been polluting the surroundings for dozens of years. This includes air, soil, surface and subsurface water pollution as well. Apart from these, a special form of environmental pollution exists, namely the presence of slag heaps of an old power station, which can be difficulty harmonized with natural landscape. We have found the investigation of those cones very important. The study of the two slag heaps is very important from several point of view. Studying the morphology of the cones, we made a field survey and evaluated the available air photos, and concluded on the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of degradation. The qualitative aspect includes the reconstruction of the erosion occurred in the past thirty years. Namely, we have pointed out that, apart from rill erosion, the slides that propagate upward on the cone surfaces also play an important role. The latter, quantitative study, based on the present cone dimensions and the volume of rills of the cones, has resulted in the calculation of the eroded material and average erosion rate. In the past 30 years, ca. 10-15 % of the cone volume has been removed, implying serious environmental risk. Furthermore, the analytical composition of the slag was also determined. The method of X-ray fluorescence was used. This method enabled us to determine the chemical elements on a qualitative and quantitative ground. Because of the radioactive heavy elements, it is reasonable to investigate radioactivity as well. The recovery of vegetation by the secondary succession might play an important role in reducing the pollution. That process, however, is going on mostly on the elder slag heap surfaces only. The changes of plant cover was followed by using aerial photos. On the elder heap – taking into consideration of different exposure – the survey for the determining plant structure was made. On the basis of eco…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: slag heaps
  topic: keywords
subject: odd landscape element
  topic: keywords
subject: rill erosion
  topic: keywords
subject: X-ray fluorescence analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: spontaneous plant colonisation
  topic: keywords
subject: rehabilitation
  topic: keywords
creator: Zsuzsanna Angyal
creator: Mária Szabó
creator: Dávid Karátson
rights: Copyright (c) 2004 Angyal Zsuzsanna, Szabó Mária, Karátson Dávid https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2004-12-27
publication date: 2004-12-27
starting page: 287
ending page: 303
doi: 10.56617/tl.4601

A tájhasználat hatása az Őrség erdeire és termőhelyeikre
type: item
description: Az évszázadokon át tartó tájhasználat az őrségi erdők összetételét és szerkezetét lényegesen megváltoztatta. Ezeket a változásokat elsősorban a hazánkban csak az Őrségre jellemző kisparaszti erdőgazdálkodás váltotta ki, de az erdei legeltetések, alomszedések és makkoltatások is hatással voltak az erdők állapotára. A tanulmány a történeti ökológia segítségével részletesen elemzi a vegetációban beállt változásokat, amelynek legszembetűnőbb jele az erdeifenyő tájszintű térhódítása. A természeti táj átalakulását kiváltó erdő- és talajhasználatok a parlagoltatás, szántás, trágyázás, erdőirtás, erdei legeltetés, alomszedés, makkoltatás, gyantatermelés, sarjaztatás, kisparaszti szálalás. Ezen évszázados tájhasználatok ökológiai következményei a pionír fafajok előretörése, illetve a klimax fafajok visszaszorulása, a területek és állományok elfenyvesedés, a mészkerülő, ásványi talajfelszínt kedvelő fajok előrenyomulása, illetve a humuszkedvelő fajok háttérbe szorulása, a finomszemcsés táj- és állománymozaikok létrejötte.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: történeti ökológia
  topic: keywords
subject: Őrség
  topic: keywords
subject: erdőkiélések
  topic: keywords
subject: erdőhasználatok
  topic: keywords
subject: tájhasználatok
  topic: keywords
creator: Dénes Bartha
rights: Copyright (c) 2004 Bartha Dénes https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2004-07-27
publication date: 2004-07-27
starting page: 1
ending page: 12
doi: 10.56617/tl.4578