Mikroműanyagokhoz társuló mikrobiális közösségek azonosítása a szennyvíztisztítás különböző fázisaiban és a befogadó felszíni vizekben MALDI-TOF MS módszerrel
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33038/jcegi.7311Kulcsszavak:
mikroműanyag, szennyvízAbsztrakt
A legújabb kutatások alapján a szennyvizekben található mikroműanyagok elősegíthetik a mikroorganizmusok kolonizációját, és vektorként szolgálhatnak az antibiotikum-rezisztencia gének (ARG-k) és az antibiotikum-rezisztens baktériumok (ARB-k) terjedésében. A mikroműanyagok jelenléte a szennyvíztisztítás teljes folyamatában igazolt, mely indokolja a szennyvíztisztító telepeken előforduló, mikroműanyagokhoz kötődő baktériumközösség vizsgálatát, különös tekintettel a környezeti és humán egészségre gyakorolt hatásokra.
Jelen tanulmány hatféle mikroműanyag mikrobiális kolonizációját vizsgálta szennyvízben, amelyek 2024 júniusa és 2025 márciusa között, három magyarországi szennyvíztisztító telep különböző kezelési fázisaiban (nyers és tisztított szennyvízben) kerültek kihelyezésre. Az inkubációt követően visszagyűjtött mikroműanyagokról szelektív Chromatic agar táptalajon tenyésztettünk antibiotikum-rezisztens baktériumokat, illetve szintén szelektív táptalajon dúsítottuk másik célszervezetünket, a Pseudomonas aeruginosa fajt. Az izolátumok azonosítása nemzetség szinten történt, mátrix-asszisztált lézerdeszorpciós/ionizációs repülési idő tömegspektrometriával (MALDI-TOF MS). Eredményeink alapján a Stenotrophomonas és Aeromonas nemzetségek, valamint az Enterobacteriaceae család tagjai voltak a mikroműanyagokhoz társuló domináns antibiotikum-rezisztens bakteriális taxonok.
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